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the points visited in floklda. hotels on the 
koutes, st. John's river, st. augtjsttne, 

ETC. THE LATEST SCHEDULES OF ROUTES 

to florlda, "with maps. also maps 

of the st. John's and upper st. 

John's btvek, st. augustine, 

ETC., ETC. 



Arranged and Published by 



SEASON OF 18^5-76. 



Issued from Pathfinder Office 
66 John St., N. V. 





COPYRIGHT 187">, BY JOHN PRESCOTT WHITNEY. 



PIEDMONT AIR LINE. 




The Popular Route to All Points In Florida. 

This line, via Richmond, Greensboro and Charlotte, is the beet 
route; comfortable cars, good eating-houses, and diversified scen- 
ery. Passing through a greater number of principal cities, itis45 
miles shorter than any other Route, via Columbia to Aiken, Au- 
gusta, Savannah, Jacksonville and all points in Florida. Tickets 
vi v Charlotte, Atlanta, Jesup and Jacksonville, at same rrice as 
all other rail routes to Florida. EXCURSION TICKETS 
FOR SALE BY THIS LINE, via Washington, Lynch- 
burg, Charlotte, Atlanta, also via Baltimore, Fichmond, Char- 
lotte and Atlanta. New York to Jacksonville and ' eturn, #60. 

Connections always sure and easily made. Fare always as cheap 
as any other all rail route. Regular Tickets good until used, 

C. YINGCLING, Genl. Eastern Agent, 
9 ASTO& HOUSE, New York. 



?2> \ 



KJ 



WHITNEY S FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 



MOLLER'S 



ms, 



at tli© VIENNA EXHIBITION, was awarded the highest Prize 
out of FIFTY-SEVEN Competitors. It also gained the first 
prizes at the great exhibitions at London, Paris, Berlin and Stock- 
hstba, and is therefore unquestionably the best Oil in the world. 

It is prepared from fresh livers, at his own factories on the Nor- 
way shores, at the place whera the cod-fish is taken. The Oil is 
extracted by machinery and moderate heat in a very brief space 
of ti*ne, and a perfectly sweet, pure Oil, free from taint, is pro- 
cured and bottled on the spot. The Oil thus secured is superior 
to any other in purity, brightness and delicacy of taste and smell. 
The sale of it is immense in England and on the Continent, and 
the testimonials of the distinguished medical authorities of Eu- 
rope and America, quoted below, indicate the high estimation in 
which it is held by the faculty. 



ryiOLLE^-: 



Dr. Ruddocks, M. D., M. It. C. .ST., writes: "The Oil we invariably 
recommend for its easy assimilation, agreeableness and high nu- 
tritive value, is Moller's." 

John C. Thorouahgood, M. D., London Hospital for Diseases of the 
Chest, says: "Moller's Oil agrees well with delicate stomachs, 
and possess marked curative properties in consumption." 
t Abbott Smith, M. D., North London Consumption Hospital, says : 

Moller's Oil is more readily taken by delicate persons and child- 
ren; is more easily assimilated and is productive of more imme- 
diate benefit than the other kinds are. 

Dr. L. A. Sayre, Professor of Orthopedic Surgery. New York, 
says : Of late years it has become almost impossible to get any 
Ood Liver Oil that patients can digest, owing to the objectionable 
w ay 9* procuring and preparing the livers. * * * Moller, 
of Christian i, Norway, prepares an Oil which is perfectly pure 
and in every respect all that can be wished." 

&*• J. Marion Sim*, writes : " For some years I had given up the 
k 86 t? 9 ^ iver OH altogether, but since my attention was called 
by Dr. Sayre to Moller's Oi 1 , 1 have prescribed it almost daily, and 
nave every reason to be satisfied with it." 



BO IB BY DBVGOI8T8. 



J 



PREFACE. 

In presenting to the public th ; s improved and re- 
vised edition of the Florida Pathfinder, we have 
endeavored to give the latest and most reliable in- 
formation; excluding all matter except that which we 
deem most interesting to the Florida tourist. 

Presented in brief, are the points of attraction on 
the St. John's River, also the accommodations which 
are to be met with at the cozy retreats on this stream, 
including the ancient city of St. Augustine. 

With this season's issue, we present original maps 
of Florida; the St. John's and Upper St. John's Riv- 
er; St. Augustine, etc. Also original maps simplify- 
ing the principal Florida routes and their connections. 
The Schedules of the routes given, have been correct- 
ed at the moment of going to press, though we would 
remind our readers that they are subject to additional ' 
changes. 

"We call the especial attention of our readers, to the 
cards inserted in the Guide, as embodying informa- 
tion not contained in any other portion of the book. 

Our limited space forces condensation and the 
omission of much material, of which fact we hope 
our readers will cheerfully overlook. 






FWJPA 



The season has arrived when the elite and fashion 
of northern citi s are completing their arrangements 
prior to departure southward, for the cozy retreats 
along the banks of the grand old St. John's Kiver, 
and the ancient city of St. Augustine, that they may 
escape the severity of a northern winter, for the salu- 
brious climate of our American Italy. 

It is not only interesting to invalids and tourists, 
who visit it in the winter to seek health or pleasure, 
but its advantages as a permanent residence are now 
fully established. The present winter will undoubt- 
edly see a larger number of visitors than any previous 
season. No American need seek an Italy across the 
waters when a superior one lies here, almost within 
a day's travel. 

Comparatively but few years ; go, the number of 
Florida visitors did not exceed three or four hundred, 
principally composed of invalids, whilst at the pres- 
ent day east Florida is visited by the elite and fash- 
ion of every section, and the visitation estimated by 
the thousands. 

The State is especially favored by the appearance 
of American tourists, who, heretofore, have indulged 
their winters in health-restoring climates abroad, and 
from whom Florida has receive d its highest prais s. 

From the metropolis of Jacksonville, up the grand 
old St. John's Eiver, to the cozy retreats of Magnolia, 
Green Cove Spring, Ialatka find points beyond, and 
especially the ancient city of St. Augustine, one may 
observe elegant winter mansions and cottages, which 
during the winter season (December 1st to June 1st) 
are occupied by their wealthy owners. 



WHITNEY B FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 



Nearly all of our i\ aders are familiar with the facts 
concerning the landing in Florida of Ponce de Leen. 
in search of the Spring whose waters he believed 
would restore youth and vigor. Even at the present 
day thousands are visiting and drinking the waters of 
the thousand-and-one mineral springs to he found 
throughout the United States, with expectations simi- 
lar to those of this veteran. 

For the consumptive individual — if the \isit is ac- 
complished before the disease destroys the foundation 
for rebuilding, and for the business man whose 
brain and nervous system are worn down with busi- 
ness, over- xertions and care, there is no better medi- 
cine for reli f and cure, than the pure air and sun- 
shine of Florida, and to those whose desires lead 
them to the Forest and Stream, there is no State in the 
Union that extends more gratifying opportunities, as 
the forests and swamps contain an abundant supply 
of bears, panthers, deer, wild turkey, quail, squirrel 
and all kinds of duck and water fowl. 

Quite noticeable and agreeable is the change that 
overcomes one while enjoying the climate and sur- 
rounding attractions of Florida; one will gradually 
cast aside business cares and vexations, and under 
such atmospherical influences, the invalid will gradu- 
\ ally increase in health and strength, and the over- 
( worked mind of the commercial man steadily recov- 
ers its former healthfulness. 

For the benefit of our readers we present a map of 
Florida, showing, principally, the location of counties. 

The Climate. 

The climate is the principal attraction to visitors ; 
it is in fact ;m insular climate; the Atlantic ocean on 
the east and the Gulf of Mexico on the west modify 
the air that blows over the peninsula, making it 
cooler in summer and warmer in winter; even in mid- 
summer the h at never reaches that extreme which is 
felt in hicher latitudes, and during the year round it 




"MS 



< ---^~a»;, 



\\Vaj: 



is the most agreeable and salubrious climate to be 
found on the Globe. The thermom ter rarely falls 
below 30 Q in winter, or rises above 90° in the sum- 
mer. During the winter, the atmosphere is always 
dry and elastic ; nearly six out of seven days are 
cloudless, and during the summer the nights are 
agreeably cool, it being rarely when one can sleep 
without the us 3 of a blanket. 

Fruit, Production, Etc. 

Of the fruits successfully cultivated we mention:— 
The orange, lemon, banana, fig, plum, pomegranate, 
guava, tamarind, date, plantain, almond, pecan, 
peach, grape, pine-apple, citron, cocoa-nut, water- 
melon, cantelope, strawberries; also every variety of 
garden vegetables. Spanish tobacco, sugar and hemp 
have been cultivated with much profit. Cotton is the 
principal production in the northern portion of the 
State. On the St. John's Kiver, peas, tomatoes and 
other vegetables are raised and shipped to northern 
markets. Arrowroot, the castor oil bean, and indigo 
ure easily raised. Turnbull, when located at New 
Smyrna, raised large quantities of Indigo, which was 
sold at great profit. The mulberry tree flourishes. 

At present the cultivation of the orange receives the 
principal attention. The Florida Orange is admitted 
by all fruit dealers to be the finest that reaches the 
market. 

During the past few years over one million orange- 
trees' have been set out in the several orange sections. 

Visitors to Florida. 

The number of visitors to Florida during the past 
six seasons is estimated as follows ■ 

Seasons. No. Visitors. Seasons. No. Visitors. 

1869-70 3,300 

1870-71 6,000 

1871-72 9,800 



1872-73 13,500 

1873-74 17,000 

1874-75 21,500 



■ ^~^~'s'. 



WHITNEY S FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 



Jacksonville. 

Jacksonville is the commercial metropolis of Flori- 
da. It is here that the invalid stranger and the vet- 
eran Florida sojourner rest awhile from the fatigue of 
their journey. 

It is an enterprising and prosperous city; present 
population about 13,000. It was laid out as a town 
in 1822; its first building was constructed of pine 
logs, covered over with cypress bark. The city is 
pleasantly situated on the St. John's river, about 25 
miles from the ocean, and is named in honor of Gen- 
eral Andrew Jackson. Bay street is the commercial 
thoroughfare. The commerce of the city is extensive. 
Leading out of the city are fine shell roads which 
present delightful drives. 

There are eight churches of the different denomina- 
tions; Masonic and other Lodges; a well organized 
Fire Department; first-class hotels — (see hotel list;) 
throe newspaper publications; public hall, library, etc. 
£ j An enormous business is the cutting and shipping 
of the Florida Pine; the mills are kept in constant 
operation throughout the year; frequently the river is 
dotted with foreign and home vessels awaiting their 
turn to be supplied. The banking facilities are of- 
fered by the First National Bank of Florida, and Am- 
bler's Bank. In connection with this bank is a read- 
ing room, also a register containing the names of 
many notable people who have visited Florida for 
years. Visitors are invited to its privileges, free. 
Letters received and forwarded by Ambler's Bank. 
The city possesses telegraphic facilities to oil parts of 
the United States; the office is located on Bay street. 
| Steamers for all points on the St. John's river leave 
| Jacksonville every morning. (See river Steamers.) 

Fernandina. 

A Fernandina was built in 1632 by the Spaniards; is 
| located on Amelia Island about fifty miles north of 
i Jacksonville. Present population about 3,000. There 



WHITNEY S FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 



ar3 seven churches, hotels, etc. (See hotel list.) 
There is a fine shell road, of about two miles in 
length, leading to the hard ocean beach, which offers 
a fine drive of nearly twenty milas. Located on the 
north point of Amelia Island, and uncompleted, is 
Fort Clinch. The city has a telegraph office. Fer- 
n mdina is reached by rail from Jacksonville. Also 
the steamers "Dictator" and "City Point" of the 
"Florida Steamship Co. , " "outside" route to Charles- 
ton, and the steamer "Lizzie Baker" of the "inside" 
route to Savannah, make regular stops during their 
trips each way. 

St. John's River. 

This grand sheet of water is created by the overflow 
of the numerous springs and swamps in the southern 
portion of the State ; it flows, unlike any other river 
in the United States, directly north for over three 
hundred miles, when turning abruptly to the east, it 
empties into the Atlantic ocean. Many portions of 
\ the river are six miles wide, and north of Lake George 
, no part is less than one mile in width; at Palatka the 
,!i river becomes narrower. The St. John's river is cred- 
i] ited with carrying a larger volume of water th n the Rio 
Grand, which river is one thousand miles long, and 
in point of width the St. John's river is the largest in 
America. 

The many cozy retreats located upon the banks of 
the St. John's are of universal attraction, and diu'ing 
the winter season thousands of tourists from every 
section are here to be found, forgetful of all business 
cires, enjoying the pleasures of the trip and compli- ) 
rnenting the salubrity of the Florida climate. 

On the banks of the St. John's are to be seen many 
fine orange groves bedecked with the golden fruit; 
one may also observe the Magnolia, Pride of India, 
the Pine and other species of trees festooned with 
long skeins of moss gracefully descending and nearly 
touching the water's ed%e; to witness this sight and to 
feel and inhale the soft, balmy breezes, scented with 



WHITNEY S FEOKIDA PATKF1NDEP.. 



the odor of the Magnolia and yellow Jessamine, is a 
coincidence not presented by any other section of the 
Unit d States. There is a * harm attached to the in- 
cidents of a trip upon this sheet of water— apparently 
a succession of lakes — that one will not soon forget, 
especially when contrasted with a winter trip upon 
the Hudson with its cold, bleak winds. 

St. John's Bluff, near the mouth of the St. John's 
river, is the supposed site where the French Huguenots 
under Laudonniere erected Fort Caroline, which was 
attacked by Menendez in 1565, wh.n ne. rlyall the in- 
mates were massacred. 

Localities on the St. John's River. 

Showing distances from Jacksonville. Sailing south 
is termed going up the river. Points marked with a 
star* are on the right going up. 



Mile?. 
.. 1 

2 
'.'. 3 
..12 
..13 



Arlington . . ._-_ 
St. Nicholas. . . 
Riverside* .... 
Black Point*.. 
Bead's Landing 

Mandarin 16 

Fruit Cove 19 

Hibernia* 23 

New Switzerland 26 

Remmington Park .... 27 

Magnolia* 29 

Green Cove Spring*. . .31 

Orange Dale 31 

Hogarth's Landing. ... 35 

Picolata 41 

TOCOI.. 46 



Federal Point 

Orange MiUs 

Dancy's Wharf. . . 

Whitestone* 

Russell's Landing. 



Miles. 

PALATKA* 75 

Hart's Orange Grove . 76 

Rawlestown 77 

San Mateo 79 

Buffalo Bluff* 83 

Oclawaha River* 100 

Welaka 100 

Beecher 101 

Mt. Royal 105 

Georgetown 123 

Lake View 140 

Volusia 144 

Fort Butler* 145 

Orange Bluff 147 

Hawkinsville* i 74 

Cabbage Bluff 175 

Blue Spring 180 

Sanford* 204 

Mellonville* 205 

Enterprise 210 

Salt Lake 275 



Whitney's floklda pathftndeb. 




The Oclawaha River. 

This stream empties into the St. John's river a out 
25 miles south of Palatka. The channel possesses no 
banks, it being simply a navigable passage through a 
cypress swamp. It is here Alligators of immense size 
and many species of birds with beautiful plumage 
may be seen. Small steamers navigate the river a 
distance of nearly 200 miles. Silver Spring, the prin- 
cipal landing, is 140 miles from its mouth. A trip 
up this stream is decidedly an odd, yet grand one, and 
tourists should not fail to make it an object of visit. 

The Principal Springs. 

Sulphur spring, at Green Cove Spring, Clay Co. 
About 35 feet deep, and discharges over 3000 gallons 
per minute. Fine facilities are afforded for bathing. 

Orange spring, Marion Co., on Orange Creek, which 
empties into the Oclawaha river. 

The celebrated Silver spring, Marion Co., on the 
Oclawaha river. Silver spring, same county, on the 
west bank of lake George. 

Blue spring, Volusia Co., a few miles north of En- 
terprise, on the east bank of the St. John's, is the larg- 
est in the State. It forms a wide river of itself. One 
can readily observe the movements of the fish below. 

Green Sulphur spring, Enterprise, about 80 feet in 
diameter, said to be fully 100 feet deep. 

On the west shore of lake Jessup, there are several 
large sulphur springs. Boats drawing over three feet 
of water cannot enter the lake. 

In the centre of the St. John's river, toward lake 
Harney, there boils up a tremendous spring. It has 
been sounded to the depth of nearly 300 feet and no 
foundation touched. 

Ponce de Leon spring, St. John's Co., located on 
the new settlement of Ravenswood, just west of St. 
Augustine, is used for its health-giving properties. 
^Boiling Ocean spring, south-eastern part cf Anasta- 
sia Island, just north of Matanzo,s Inlet. 



Whitney's flokida pathfinder. 13 



Points of Interest on the River. 

For information concerning hotels at the following 
points, see " Hotels on the St. John's River." 

MANDARIN, the first point of especial attraction 
on the river, is a village of about 250 inhabitants. It 
is one of the oldest settlements on the river. During 
the Indian wars, the Seminoles visited it and massa- 
cred all within its limits. Here located is the winter 
residence of Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe ; it is the 
cottage at the 1 ft of the pier and almost obscured by 
the foliage of the large oak and other trees. 

HEBERNIA is a pleasant resort located upon the 
opposite bank of the river. It is quite a resort for 
invalids. 

MAGNOLIA, one of the most pleasant resorts to be 
found on the St. John's. Black creek is but a short 
distance to the north of this point. ^ 

GREEN COVE SPRING, two miles south of the 
above point, is one of the most extensively patronized 
resorts on the river. The sulphur spring is one of its 
attractions; the temperature of the water is about 78 
degrees, and it is clear as crystal. Its sulphurous con- 
dition is quite distinguishable by taste and odor. 

PICOLATA, 10 miles from the above point, on the 
opposite shore. It is the site of an ancient Spanish 
settlement, all evidence of which is destroyed. Oppo- 
site Picolata, on the west bank, are the remains of 
Fort Poppa, built of earthwork during the Spanish 
era. Before the completion of the St. John's wooden 
tramway, in 1870-71, Picolata presented quite a lively 
appearance, as passengers for St. Augustine were here 
transferred and conveyed across the country by stage. 
TOCOI, 46 miles from Jacksonville, v Visitors are 
here transferred for St. Augustine. During the sum- 
mer the road wa3 re-laid with fish-plate T rails; it is 
now in first-el tss running order. Trains complete the 
trip, a distance of 14 miles, in about 35 minutes. 
(See schedule "St. John's Railroad.") We are doing 



14 "Whitney's ixorida pathfinder. 

tourists a favor when we advise them, by all means, 
to visit this very interesting city, the Saratoga of 
Florida. 

PALATKA, 75 miles from Jacksonville, the largest 
town on the river south of the metropolis; it is an ad- 
mirable location for consumptives and invalids. The 
population is about 1500. The town is nearly one- 
half mile in extent, and does an extensive back coun- 
try trade. It possesses postal and telegraphic facili- 
ties, churches, etc. The Eastern Herald, a weekly 
paper, is here published. Generally, passengers are here 
transferred to steamers for Enterprise, Sanford, Mel- 
lonville, also for excursions up the Oclawaha river to 
Silver Spring, also to Dunn's Lake, etc. There are 
also steamers that ply directly between Jacksonville 
and points located on the U^per St. John's river, etc. 

SAN MATEO is a thriving settlement located south ^ 
of Palatka on the opposite shore. Post office, etc. 

WELAKA, twenty-five miles above Palatka, oppo- 
site the entrance of the Oclawaha river. The site of 
an old Indian and Spamsh settlement. South of We- 
lika the river, gradually expanding, forms Lake 
George, which is ten miles wide and eighteen miles 
long. One of the largest orange groves on the river 
is located upon Humbert island in this lake. 

SANFORD is located opposite Enterprise, about 
one mile north of Mellonville, on the west bank of 
Lake Monroe. Its success as a resort is entirely duo 
to the projector, H. S. Sanford, Esq., of Philadelphia, 
During the past summer Mr. Sanford has caused to 
1)6 erected a fine hotel called the ' ' Sanford House ;" 
it is elegantly fitted up, and furnished throughout in 
first-class style ior the accommodation of 200 guests ; 
the hotel v, ill be under the able management of J . B. 
Wistar, Esq. , of Philadelphia, who is also the popular 
proprietor of the "Arlington House." Atlantic City, 
N. J., a favorite resort of Philadelphians and Balti- 
moreans during the summer season. Nine steamers 
ply between Jacksonville and Sanford weekly. Be- 



"Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 15 



sides all kinds of tropical fruits, the lake is abundant- 
ly supplied with fish, oysters and game. Sanford, as 
a health-conducive locality, is unsurpassed on the 
river. See "Hotels on the St. John's river." 

MELLONVILLE is the site of Fort Mellen, erected 
luring the Indian wars. In the vicinity are several 
ine orange groves. 

ENTEKPRISE, a well patronized resort on the 
aorth bank of lake Monroe. The terminus of the 
Palatka boats. During the winter small steamers ply 
rom Enterprise through lake Harney to Salt Lake, 
he nearest point to the Indian river from the St. 
Tonus; fishing and hunting parties are conveyed to 
akes Jessup and Harney by small steamers. At En- 
;erprise, parties are furnished with conveyance to 
reach New Symrna and the Indian river. From St. 
Augustine excursions are made in yachts to the Indian 
river — the sportsman's paradise for game and fish. 

NEW SMYKNA is located upon Mosquito river, 
south of the inlet of the same name near the coast, 
about 20 miles from Enterprise, and 60 miles south 
of St Augustine. In 1767, Andrew Turnbull arrived 
at the coast with his colony of 1500 Minorcans and 
in consideration of his wife being a native of Smyrna, jj 
Asia, he gave the same name to his new settlement, v 
Large crops of indigo were cultivated, which proved I 
quite profitable to Mr. Turnbull. The Florida indigo 
commanded the highest price of any sold in the En- 
glish market. In 1772, there were 40,000 pounds ex- fi 
ported. The colonists remained until 1776; not being I 
treated according to contract, they left the settlement ) 
and located at St. Augustine. The celebrated orange I 1 
grove owned by Capt. Dummitt is located south of (i 
the inlet. ) 

St. Augustine. \ 

This city, the oldest in the United States, is situated ' 

in a direct line about thirty-five miles south of Jack- " 

sonville, thre s hundred and fifty miles north of the u 

southern coast of the Peninsula and fourteen miles / 



16 



WHITNP-V'S FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 



east of the St. John's river. Topographically it is 
somewhat similar to New York, or Manhattan Island; 
being bounded on the north by the main land and on 
the east by the North river, the harbor entrance and 
the Matanzas river, with Anastasia Island forming 
the breakwater, and on the south and west by the St. 
Sebastian river. For the benefit of our readers we 
present an original map of the city and its environs. 




The city is built upon the point that was occupied 
by Menendez. Menendez gave the name of St. Augus- 
tine to the town, as he chanced to arrive on the coast 



Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 17 



on the day dedicated to that Saint; its previous name ) 
being Selooe. On the arrival of the Spanish there , 
were found Indian habitations of considerable size. fl 

The population is about 2200. In addition to the / ( 
Catholic Cathedral there are four churches : Presby - ; 
terian, built in 1830; Episcopalian, built in 1832; !l 
Methodist, (col.) built in 184G; Baptist, (col.). Good j 
school. Telegraphic and express facilities. Two ), 
( Newspaper publications, the Florida Press, estab- 
lished 1870, John F. Whitney, Proprietor. The Ex- < 
aminer, M. R. Andreau, Prop., established 1858. A ft 
public library, established in 1 873 and located in the }\ 
rear of the old time Spanish Governor's Palace. vj 

On arrival of tbe visitor from Toeoi, the first obj\ cts ( 
of attraction are the substantial bridge that spans the [i 
St. Sebastian river, and the long and narrow causeway j 
which leads to the city. l| 

Formerly the stages took their passengers at Pico- [{ 
lata, and occupied seven hours in the journey over; 
on reaching the St. Sebasti .n river, where the bridge 
now stands, the coach w s driven into a flat boat, 
and by means of a rop it was drawn across the river. 

We frequently recall the time when the steady arm 
of the ferryman brought us over this stream, and we 
stepped upon the muddy bank and wended our way 
to this quiet nook of Augustine; and how, previous 
to the completion of the St. John's tramway, we 
patiently awaited the welcome blast of the Picolata 
stage horn, announcing that which would bring us 
tidings of the outer world. 

Leaving the causeway in the rear, the visitor enters 
beneath the foliage of the oak, and Pride of India 
trees, with the never absent moss hanging in long 
skeins from the branches. 

On our right we pass the handsome grounds and 
residence of A. Gilbert, Esq. ; on the left is the residence 
and orange grove of Dr. A. Anderson ; in the rear of 
which are the elegant grounds and mansion of Henry 
Ball. Esq. , formerly owned by Buckingham Smith, Esq. 



Emerging from this archway, the tourist soon 
arrives in front of the "Plaza de la Constitucion," 
and is then in the heart of the oldest and most antique 
city in America. 

The Streets. 

There are four principal streets which extend near- 
ly the length of the city. The first one passed, on 
entering, is Tolomato, upon which is located the 
Catholic Cemetery. The second, St. George street, 
and is termed the Fifth Avenue of the city . The third, 
Charlotte street, is nearly a mile in length, and from 
12 to 15 feet in width. All of these streets are quite 
narrow. The cross streets are still narrower. The 
fourth is Bay street, and commands a fine view of the 
St. Augustine Bay, Anastasia Island and the Ocean. 

All of the old Spanish residences are constructed of 
Coquina Stone, a conglomeration of small shell, quar- 
ried on Anastasia Island. It is covered with stucco, 
and whitewashed. Many of the houses have balco- 
nies along their second stories which overhang the 
narrow street. The old time Spanish houses were 
fiat-roofed. 

The streets were formerly floored with shell con- 
crete, portions of which are still to be observed above 
the shifting sand; in early times heavy vehicles were 
not allowed to travel upon the same. There are 
many modern style residences, with elegant grounds, 
in and about the city, which are well worth a visit. 

King's road, which leads from the city gate to 
Jacksonville, was constructed in 1765 by subscription. 

Elsewhere will be found a map of* the city, also 
references to the same. 

The Barracks. 

This building was once used and designated as the 
St. Francis Convent. It has undergone extensive 
modifications and repairs ; the building is located at 
the south end of the town near the terminus of the 
sea-wall, and used at present by the TJ. S. troops. 



Whitney's floklda pathfinder. 19 



The Sea Wall. 

This wall is nearly one mile in length; connecting 
with, the water battery of the fort, it extends south 
1 elow the U. S. Government Barracks. The original 
wall was buiit by the Spaniards in 1690, and extended 
that .year to the Plaza, and subsequently extended the 
length of the town. The present sea wall and fort 
water battery were constructed in 1837 to 184:5, at an 
expense to the U. S. Government of one hundred 
thousand dollars. Both are built of Coquina stone 
taken from the island opposite the city. On the sea- 
wall is a coping of granite, four feet wide, which af- 
fords a delightful promenade — especially on a moon- 
light evening when the stillness being broken by the 
roar of the ocean surf, adds greatly to the romance. 

The Catholic Cathedra!. 

This is the largest and oldest house of worship ex- 
isting in the city; it was built in 1793 at a cost of 
nearly $17,000. Its quaint Moorish belfry, with four 
beUs, which are set within separate niches, together 
with the clock, forms a complete cross. The peculiar 
chimes which these old relics of bells give lorth, the 
odd surroundings of the belfry, including the interior 
of the church, render it one of the objects of interest 
in the Ancient City. Upon one of the bells appears 
the date 1G82, this bell was probably taken from the 
rains of a previous church located on the west Mde of 
St. George street. There exist outside of the city 
gate the rains of an old chapel in which several 
priests were killed by the Indians ; afterward it was 
sacked and burned. It was called "Nuestra Senora 
De La Leche," or "Our Lady of the Milk." Its erec- 
tion was the result of a superstition of the Spaniards, 
borrowed from the ancient Eomans. ' ' Our Lady of 
the Milk" is simply the "Juno Pronuba" of the 
Romans, whom the matrons invoked and implored, in 
her proper temple, to furnish them with a proper sup- I 
ply of nursing milk for their infants. 



"WHITNEY S FLOKIDA PATHFINDER. 



21 



Reference to Map of St. Augustine. 

27, 



Huguenot burying ground just 
North-west of City Gate. 

1. Catholic burying ground . 

2. Residence Henry Ball, Esq. 

3. Residence T. F. House, Esq. 

4. "Magnolia Hotel," W. W. 

Palmer, Prop. 

5. F.W. Ansley, (Florida Curi- 

osities.) 

6. Mrs. Mary Sebate Hernan- 

dez, Palmetto Hats, Ac. 

7. F. J. Ballard's Curiosities, 

Agt. St'r '"Lizzie Baker." 

8. Bishop's residence. 

9. Old St. Mary's Convent. 

10. U. S. Courc House,— Pea- 

body School, —Post Office, 
— Public Li brary, — City 
Clerk's Office, etc. 

11. W. Lyon & Co., (store.) 

12. Residence H. Ammidown. 

13. J. D. SUnbury, cottage. 

14. Residence John Howard. 

15. Presbyterian Church, 
lfi. Residence J. L. Wilson. 
17. Old St. Francis Convent. 
13. Monument in honor of the 

Confederate dead. 

19. Residence A. J. Alexander. 

20. New Convent of Sisters of 

St. Joseph. 

21. tJacob Vanderpool. 

22. Episcopal Church. 

23. Residence O. Bronson. 

24. City Jail. 

25. Hamlin & Co., (store.) 
28. Wm. Pinkham, (store,) 



Monument in honorof Span- 
ish Liberal Constitution. 

28. Meat Market. 

29. Priest's Dormitory. 

30. Catholic Cathedral. 

31. T. A. Pacetti, (Drug store) 

—Railroad Ticket Agency 

32. Residence Dr. J. E. Peck. 

33. "St. Augustine Hotel," E. 

E. Vaill, Prop. 

34. "Florida House," J. H. Re- 

mer, Prop, 

35. "Oriental Hotel," W. G. 

Ponce, Proprietor. 

36. Boarding House, Mrs. J. V. 

Hernandez. 

37. B. Genovar, (store.) 

33. Residence Col. A. Tracy. 

39. Residence Is;: ac Stone. 

40. B. Oliveros, Sr., (Rose tree*. 

41. Mrs.C. H. Patterson. 

42. Residence R. F.Armstrong. 

43. Masonic Ledge. 

44. Residence D. M. Edger. 

45. Residence of the laie W. H. 

Aspinwall. 

46. Miss Worth. 

47. Mrs. Couper Gibbs, board- 

ing-house. 

48. Residence Geo. S. Greeno. 

49. Mrs. Abbott's boarding- 

house. 

50. Miss Faio's boarding- 

house. 

51. Florida Press Office. 

52. Residence T. A. Pacetti. 

53. T. A. Pacetti, (store.) 



Fort Marion. 

It stands at the north-east end of the town and com- 
mands the inlet from the sea. It is built of Coquina 
stone, which no doubt was taken from Anastasia 
Island, and is probably the best preserved specimen 
in the world of the military architecture of its time. 
It is the oldest fortification on the western continent. 
It was commenced in 1520, and through the labor 
of the conscript Indians was completed in 1750. 
Its first name was ' ' San Juan de Pinos, " afterward 
changed to "San Marco," and upon the change of 
flags in 1821, it was given its present name. It occu- 



iJJ WHITNEY S FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 

pies an acre of ground, and has accomodations for 
one thousand men and one hundred guns. The In- 
dians were compelled to do thr) labor of building for 
over sixty years. Over the entrance to the fort is the 
Spanish eoat-of-arms, surmounted by a globe and 
cross, while suspended beneath is the figure of a lamb. 
Around tlie fort square are entrances into the damp 
and dismal rooms. The dungeons wherein the skele- 
tons were discovered are locate:! at the north-east ex- 
tremity of the fort. On the north side of the fort, 
leading from the interior square, is the Catholic 
Chapel; the altar and holy-water niches are well pre- 
served. The fort walls and watch-towers remain in- 
tact, but the guns are dismounted and the moat is dry. 
The fort is twenty-one feet high, terminating in four 
i( bastioned angles at the corners, each of which is sur- 
'/ mounted with sentry-boxes and lookout-towers. 

At the time of the attack by Gen. Oglethorpe, the 
fort contained fifty pieces of cannon, ranging from 
twelve to forty-eight pounds calibre. The moat was 
forty feet wide and about ten feet deep. 

Fort Marion is, in fact, a castle built after the plan 
of those of the middle ages of Europe. Ther i is the 
moat, which was flooded from the St. Sebastian. 
There are the inner and outer barriers, the barbican, 
the draw-bridge, portcullis, wicket, and all the appli- 
ances of such fortifications. 

The inscription over the fort entrance is as follows: 
REYNANDO EN ESP ANA EL SENN DON FER- 
NANDO SEXTO Y SIENDO GOVR Y CAPN DE 
ESA C» SAN AUGN DE LA FLORIDA Y SUS 
PROVA EL MARISCAL DE CAMPO DN ALONZO 
FERN™ HERADA ASI CONCLUIO ESTE CAS- 
TILLO EL AN OD 1756 DRI^ENDO LAS OBRAS 
EL CAP. INGNRO DN PEDRO DE BROZAS Y 
GARAY. 

Translation : 

Don Ferdinand the VI, being King of Spain, and the 
Field Marshal Don Alonzo Fernando Hereda being Gov- 



ernor and Captain General of this place, St. Augustine of 
Florida, and its province, this Fort was finished in the 
year 17o6. The works were directed by the Captain En- 
gineer, Don Pedro de Brazas Y Garay. 

In 184(5 the terre-pleiu of the northwest bastion fell 
in, revealing a dark and dismal dungeon. "We have 
heard from the lips of a reliable person, still a resi- 
dent of St. Augustine, and who was present at the 
time of the above accident to the fort, of the following 
facts: "I stood upon the edge and looked down into 
this dungeon and there saw the complete skeleton of 
a human being, lying at full length, apparently on its 
back ; the arms were extended from the body and the 
skeleton fingers were wide open; there appeared to 
be a gold ring upon one of the fingers. Encircling 
the wrists were iron bands, attached to which were 
chains fastened to ft hasp in the coquina wall near the 
entrance to the dungeon." 

The military engineer having charge of the repairs 
of the fort and sea-wall, descended into this dungeon, 
when his curiosity was excited by the discovery, to 
the north-east, of a broad stone, differing greatly in 
dimensions and appearance from tho^e of which the 
wall was built. He noticed, moreover, that the cement 
which held this stone in its place differed in composi- 
tion and appeared to 1 >c more recent. On the removal 
of this stone the present dark, dismai. fearful dun- 
geon was disclosed. On entering with lights there 
were found at the west end, two iron cages suspended 
from hasps in the wall. One of the cages had 
partially fallen down from rust and decay, and human 
bones lay scattered on the floor. The other remained 
in its position, holding a pile of human bones. 
The lat er cage and contents may be seen in the Smith- 
sonian Institute at Washington. 

This stone was removed by the assistance of Mr. 
John Capo, (now deceased) an honest old harbor pilot 
and mason; we have his statement, made personally 
to us, confirming the finding of the two cages contain- 



ing the skeletons as presented in this sketch. 

From a lecture delivered at the fort by J. Hume 
Simons, M. D. , and afterward published in the Flori- 
da Press, we quote: 

" The broken cage, with all the bones, except those 
which I hold in my hand, were buried in the sand- 
mound to the north of the Fort. I recognize these as 
portions of the tibia and fibula (or leg-bones) of a 
female. " 

During the Seminole war, Osceola and Coacoochee, 
(or Wild Cat,) were captured and confined in the 
southwest angle of the fort. Coacoochee complained 
that the cell was too damp and affected his health; 
whereupon he was removed to the adjoining one, 
where an elevated seat afforded him the facility of 
reaching the grated window above, by means of one 
Indian mounting on the shoulders of another. On 
the evening previous to the night of his escape he re- 
mained an unusually long time on the ramparts of 
the fort, where he was allowed to walk daily for exer- 
cise. He had evidently been taking observations 
of the manner in which the sentinels who guarded 
outside the fort were stationed, to enable him to de- 
termine the safest route to pursue after he should es- 
cape from the window. This he effected, during the 
night, so noiselessly, that when ths sentinel, who had 
paced the whole night before the door of his cell, was 
about to open the same at dawn, Osceola appeared at 
the grating of his cell, and with a smirk of delight 
exclaimed— ■>" Wile Cat gone." Osceola was after- 
ward removed to Castle Pinckney, Charleston, where 
he died broken-hearted. 

Indians at Fort Marion. 

These Indians, of the several different tribes, dur- 
ing the month of May, 1875, were brought from Fort 
Sill and the Cheyenne agency, because of their 
turbulent disposition and influences over the other 
tribes in that locality. Among them are several 



"Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 25 



noted chiefs. The majority of them express their 
preference for the climate of Florida over that of the 
West; and should liberty be extended to them they 
would probably remain in the State. They are peace- 
ful and appear content in their present quarters; 
many apply their spare time to the construction of 
bows and arrows, the polishing of sea beans, and the 
making of other trinkets which they offer for sale 
among visitors. They are very polite, and on the 
appearance of strangers, doff their hats and extend 
their hands with a "How." 

The gentlemanly inteipreter, Mr. Geo. "W. Fox, 
who has had extensive experience on the plains, is 
considered quite a f .vorite among the Indians. The 
Indians are in charge of Capt. E. H. Pratt, of the 
Tenth U. S. Cavalry; he is much esteemed by the ) 
Indians for his gentlemanly treatment in promoting 
their comfort. During the winter season visitors 
will be permitted to visit within the fort. 

City m \ 

It stands at the north en , . the city, at the head 
of St. George street. It is the only relic of a town 
wall supposed to have surrounded the city. It is a 
picturesque and imposing structure. The ornamented 
lofty towers, the loopholes and sentry boxes are well 
preserved, and one can readily expend a few moments 
examining this antique object of attraction. (I 

Town Wall. (i 

Whether this wall was composed of the same mate- ( 
rial as the old fort, or was merely a rough stockade of 
pine logs, is a matter of conjecture. If a stone wall \ 
ever existed it probably now forms a part of some old ' 
residence in the city. However, this wall or stockade 
is supposed to have been built some two hundred 
years ago. The north end portion of the wall was 
situated on the south bank of the ditch. 

The ditch, at the present day. is quite visible, and 
at one time it connected the moat-water around the 



2<; 



WHITNEY'S FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 



fort with the St. Sebastian river; but during the late 
war all evidence of this connection was destroyed by 
the construction of the north-west fort embankment. 
In 1871, there existed on the corner of Tolomato 
and King streets, a lunette constructed of Coquina 
stone, from twelve to fifteen feet high, a ad though it 
w..s to visitors an object of attraction nearly equal to 
that of the city gate, it was removed for personal 
benefit and chronicled as a city improvement. 

Yachting, Points to Visit, Etc. 

No locality in the State affords finer opportunities 
for yachting than the St. Augustine bay. Numerous 
yachts convey parties to the points of interest. We 
would suggest a trip to the north beach— one of the 
finest on the coast, affording an excellent view of 
the Atlantic Ocean. A trip to the sand hills where 
Genl. Oglethorpe planted his guns and laid seige to 
Fort Marion; the south beach; a visit to Fish's island; 
a sail up the North river; a visit to the old and new 
lighthouses on Anastasia Island. The old lighthouse 
was built by the Spaniards in 1760. In 1871 the new 
lighthouse was erected; it is 1G5 feet high from low 
water-mark, and is considered on 3 of the finest lights 
on the coast. The Coquina quarries are located but 
a short distance from the lighthouses; the formation 
of Coquina extends along the coast for many miles. 

A trip to Matanzas is a pleasant one, where exist 
the ruins of a fortress supposed to be of more remote 
origin than any structure in the Ancient City. 

St. Augustine is a favorite resort for members of the 
several yacht clubs of the North, and durirg the win- 
ter season, under the auspices of the "St. Augustine 
Yacht Club," yacht racing and other sports are in- 
dulged in. 

Ravenswood. 

The visitor having left the depot, passes over the 
causeway and bridge which lead to St. Augustine. 



From the bridge, looking north on the left, will be ) 
observed the recently erected dwelling of John F. ' 
Whitney, Esq., the proprietor of tlie new projected ji 
settlement of Ravenswood. \ 

This is the pioneer residence located upon this tract V 
of over one thousand acres. From its close proximity l( 
to St Augustine, and its sloping, dry and healthful '( 
position, it promises soon to become a favorite loca- 
tion for northerners desirous of building-sites and 
Orange Groves in the immediate neighborhood of the 
Ancient City. 

The prices and terms of sale may be obtained from 
him at the office of the Florida Press, or at the Mag- 
nolia Hotel. 

Convents, Etc. 

The old St. Mary's Convent is an interesting build- 
ing. It is located on St. George street, just west of 
the Cathedral. 

In the rear of St. Mary's Convent is a more recent 
building, designated as the Bishop's residence. 

The old Convent of the Sisters of St. Joseph is lo- 
cated on Charlotte street, north of the Barracks. 

The new Convent of the Sisters of St. Joseph is lo- 
cated on St. George st. , south of the Pla~a. 

The Monument erected in 1871, in honor of the 
Confederate dead, is located on St. George st., just 
south of Bridge street. 

The Plaza. 

The "Plaza de la Constitucion," is situated in the 
centre of the town. It is surrounded by a fence, 
with seats arranged for the convenience of visitors. 

During the early part of the Revolution, the effigies 
of John Hancock and Samuel Adams were burned 
here by the British troops. 

Nearly in the centre of the Square stands the Mon- 
ument, nearly twenty feet high, erected in 1812, in 
commemoration of the Spanish Liberal Constitution. 
Upon the east side of this monument appears, in 



English, the name of the Square, while directly be- 
neath, in Spanish— which, through the effects of van- 
dalism, has been partially effaced— appears the fol- 
lowing:— 

Plaza de la Constitucion. 

* * * la en esta Ciudad de San Augustine de la 
Florida Oriental, en 17 de Octubre de 1812. 

Siendo Gobernador el * * * Don Sebastian * 
* del orden de Santiago. 

Para eterna memoria El Ayunamento Constitucioncd 
Erigio Obeligio. 

The following, in English, though by no means a 
translation, will give the idea supposed to be con- 
veyed to the public : 

Just before the cession of Florida to the 
United States, the King of Spain granted a lib- 
eral CHARTER TO THE CITIZENS OF St. AUGUSTINE AND 

of Florida, and this Monument is a memorial 

ERECTED BY THE SPANISH CITIZENS OF St. AUGUSTINE. 

The date of this Constitution was the 17th of 
October, 1812. 

During the winter season, the Plaza is frequented 
by thousands of the elite and fashion of every section. 

Governor's Palace. 

The residence of the old time Spanish Governor is 
located corner of St. George and King streets, its old, 
quaint appearance has been destroyed under the 
skill of modern workmanship, and at present serves 
as Post Office, City Clerk's Office, Public Library, 
and is also occupied by the Peabody School. Form- 
erly a high coquina wall edged on both streets that 
form this corner. 

Cemeteries. 

The Military burying ground is located just south 
of the Barracks. Under three Pyramids are the 
ashes of Major Dade and 107 of his men, who were 
massacred at Fort Dade by Osceola and his band. 



Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 29 

The Catholic burying ground is located on the 
northern end of Tolomato St. 

The Huguenot burying ground is located on King's 
road, just north and west of the City Gate. 

Palmetto Hats, Lace, Etc. 

The Palmetto is extensively used to manufacture 
the several patterns of braid for ladies', gentlemen's, 
and children's hats. These hats, when carefully 
braided and neatly trimmed, are the neatest and most 
serviceable for this climate. There are several artistes 
engaged in this vocation who make fine work a spe- 
cialty. These hats are very extensively worn by both 
sexes. During one season, the period of the greatest 
demand, the amount of sales for this class of goods 
was over sixty thousand dollars. 

The manufacture of Lace by the Sisters of the Con- 
vent will equal in quality, design and finish, that 
which is made in foreign countries. Lace work is 
also indulged in to a limited extent, by the young 
ladies of St. Augustine. Visitors should not fail to 
procure a specimen of the work manufactured in the 
oldest city in the United States. 

Post Office and Express Information. 

The Post Office is located upon the first or ground 
floor of the once Spanish Governor's Palace. The 
mails arrive every evening. Departures, every 
morning. 

The office of the Southern Express Co. is located 
on Charlotte street, north of the St. Augustine hotel. 
J. W. Allen, agent. 

The telegraph office is located in the Magnolia hotel. 

Thermometer Range in St. Augustine. 

Throughout the year, the Thermometer very rp-" 
falls below thirty degrees, or rises above ninet 
degrees. According to the old Spanish record 
at St. Augustine for over one hundred years, 
temperature averaged a little over sixty degrees. 



whitoey's Florida pathfinder. ;) 



Orange Groves, Gardens, Etc. 

St Augustine and its environs possess many fine 
Orange groves and elegant gardens. It is a pleasing 
ji sight indeed, to witness and to admire these green 
groves, with the ripe, delicious fruit hanging in gold- 
en clusters. And, also, to see the white blossoms, 
and to inhale their delightful odor and to look upon 
the ripe fruit all claiming the same tree, frequently 
the same branch, is a coincidence rarely to be met 
with on this continent. In the gardens one will also 
observe the banana, fig, date, Japan plum, pomegran- 
ate, and many other species of semi-tropical fruits. 

Previous to the destructive frost in February, 1835, 
St. Augustine distributed to northern markets be- 
tween two and three million oranges, realizing to the 
owners of the groves some $75,000. During the 
orange harvest, the harbor about St. Augustine pre- 
sented quite a commercial appearance. 

On St. George street, near the city gate, one may 
observe a Kose tree of many years' growth, the trunk 
of which is as large as a man's arm. 

Accommodations in St. Augustine. — Hotels. 

The St. Augustine Hotel, enlarged, E. E. Vaill. 
Fronting on the Plaza and Charlotte street. Accom- 
modation for about 450 guests. $4 per day. 

The Magnolia Hotel, W. W. Palmer. St. George 
street, north of the Plaza. Accommodates 125 guests. 
$4 per day. 

Marion House, R. Palmer & Co. Charlotte street, 
north of the Plaza. Accommodates 100 guests. $3. 

The Florida House, J. H. Eemer. St. George and 
Treasury Sts. Accommodates 200 guests. $4 per day. 

The Oriental Hotel, W. G. Ponce. Charlotte St., 
north of Plaza. Accommodates 60 guests. $3 per day. 

Boarding Houses. 

Mrs. M. L. Abbott. Marine St., south of Plaza. 
Accommodates 30 guests. $12 to $15 per week. 



^7 

Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 31 )| 



Miss Julia Stmson. St. George street, north of the 
Magnolia hotel. Accommodates about 20 guests. 
$12 to $15 per' week. 

Mrs. J. V. Hernandez. Charlotte street, north of 
the Plaza. Accommodates about 40 guests. $10 to 
$15 per week. 

Mrs. Pappy. Charlotte street, north of the Plaza. 
Accommodates 25 guests. $12 to $15 per week. 

Mi's. Couper Gibbs. Marine street, south of the 
Plaza. Accommodates 30 guests. $15 per week. 

E. J. de Medicis. South end of St. George street. 
Accommodates 25 guests. $12 to $15 perweels. 

Mrs. C. H. Patterson. Bay street. Accommodates 
about 25 guests. $15 per week. 

U. J.White. Tolomato St. Board at reasonable rates . 

Also Mrs. Geo. S. Greeno. Marine street. And 
Miss Fatio, Hospital street, south of the Plaza. 

Also boarding to be had at private houses. 

Hotels on the St. John's River. 

JACKSONVILLE. FLA. 

Grand National Hotel, Geo. McGinly, $4.00. 

St. James Hotel, J. B, Campbell, $4.00. 

Metropolitan Hotel, J. B. Togni, $3.00. 
/ Waverly House, J. J. Comfort, $3.00. 

St. John's House, Mrs. E. Hudnalk $2.50. 

Also many fine Boarding Houses, among which we 
mention the Misses Mattair, Bumngton, Keen, Stick- 
ney, Robinson, etc. 

MANDARIN. Boarding by T. It. WEBB, $2.00. 
Per week, $12.00. 

HIBERNIA. Boarding by Mrs. Fleming, $3.00. 

MAGNOLIA. Magnolia Hotel, E. E. Hougbton, $4. 

GREEN COVE SPEING. Clarendon Hotel, Har- 
ris & Applegate, $4.00. 

Union Ho tel . i? 1 . ' . 

PALATKA. Putnam House, F. II . Orvls, $1.00. 

St. John's Hotel, P. & H. Peterraann. $3.50. 

SAN MATEO. Eiversdafe House, J. M. H. Miller, $3. 



(( 32 Whitney's floblda pathfinder. 



SANFORD. A new hotel. SANFOED HOUSE, 
I. B. Wistar, Manager, $4.00. 
) MELLON VILLE. MellonviUe HoteLE. S. White, $3. 

Orange Hotel. Mrs. Marks, $3.00. 

MellonviUe House. L I. Hite, $2.00. 

ENTERPRISE. Brock House. Luther Caldwell, $3. 

Watson House. Spencer & Prevatt, $2.00. 

NEW SMYRNA. Ocean House. E. K. Lowd, 
$3.00. Over two weeks, $14.00 per week. 



Charleston, S. C. 

Charleston is one of the oldest cities on the conti- 
nent, having been settled in 1679. It is situated on 
a tongue of land between the Ashley and Cooper riv- 
ers; and from the promenade extending along its 
front the view is unsurpassed, embracing a wide ex- 
panse of water and the islands in the harbor, on 
which stand the fortifications of Sumpter, Pinekney, 
Johnson and Moultrie. The city contains many 
buildings of more than ordinary interest, while the 
drives about the city are very attractive. In connec- 
tion with the winter travel to Florida, Charleston de- 
serves especial attention. It is one of the principal 
points visited by tourists and others when passing to 
and from that State. It is accessible by rail and 
water, and is directly connected with New York by 
one of the finest lines of steamers plying on the coast. 
A few days can be most agreeably spent by the 
stranger in visiting the many points of interest, 
which, together with its unsurpassed hotel accommo- 
dations, entitle Charleston at all times to be consid- 
ered a point of attraction to visitors. 

Located in the Charleston hotel, is the General 
Ticket Office, Mr. A. Butterfield, Agent. 

Savannah, Ga. 

Savannah, the metropolis of Georgia, has a popu- 
lation of thirty thousand. It is built on the Savannah 
river, about eighteen miles from its mouth. It 
ranks as the second cotton port of the United States. 



Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 33 



The city is one of the most beautiful in the South ; 
the streets are broad and pleasantly shaded with 
trees, such as the oak, magnolia, sycamore and pride 
of India species. At every second corner are public 
squares, numbering twenty-four in all. "Forsyth 
Park," the principal pleasure-ground of the city, is 
without doubt one of the loveliest spots in the United 
States. Many delightful roads lead into the suburbs, 
and the cemetery of Bonaventure should be visited 
by every tourist. It is shaded by the most beautiful 
grove of live oaks in the world, whose branches inter- 
face over the avenues, and from which hang long- 
pendants of Spanish moss. During the winter sea- 
son Savannah is thronged with visitors from every 
section who are journeying to and from Florida. 

In connection with a trip to Florida this winter, an 
additional attraction is offered by the enterprising- 
firm of Murray, Ferris & Co., to tourists and others, 
of visiting Nassau, N. P., and the Bahamas by a short 
and pleasant trip from Savannah, Ga., from which 
port a steamer will le ve every ten days. 

Nassau has long been most favorably known as a 
winter resort. To tourists the varied scenery of 
New Providence and the surrounding islands is 
a source of constant enjoyment. The temperature 
in this locality ranges between 64 and 82 degrees. 

To those desirous of visiting this section and wish- 
ing additional information, we refer them to the card 
of this route, where all matters concerning the Nassau 
Line will be found. 



HOTELS ON THE ROUTE. 

RICHMOND, VA. 
Ballard House & Exchange Hotel, J. L. Carrington, $3. 
ST. JAMES HOTEL, T. W. Hoenniger, assisted 
by J. P. Ballard, $2.50. 

Ford's Hotel," A. J. Ford, $2.50. 
DANVILLE, VA. 
Arlington Hotel, $2.50. Exchange Hotel, $2.50. 



34 Whitney's elorida pathfinder. 



LYNCHBUEG, VA. 
Norval House, $3.00. Orange Hotel, $2.50. 

NORFOLK, VA. 
Atlantic Hotel, R. S. Dodson, $2.50 to $3.00. 
National Hotel, Holt & Bro. $2.50. 

PETERSBURG, VA. 
Jarratt's Hotel, $3.00. 

GREENSBORO, N. C. 
Benbow House, $3.00. Planter's House, $2.50 

WILMINGTON, N. C. 
Purcell House, $4.00. National Hotel, $3.00. 

WELDON, N. C. 
Weldon Hotel, $3.01). Emery House, $2.50. 

FLORENCE, S. C. 
Florence Hotel, $2.50. Gamble Hotel, §2.00. 

COLUMBIA, S. C. 
Wheeler House, $4.00. Columbia House, $3.00. 
Central Hotel, $3.50. National Hotel, $3.50. 
Nickerson Hotel, $3.00. Rose's Hotel, $2.50. 

AIKEN, S. C. 
CLARENDON HOTEL, McLaurie& Russell, $3 .50. 
$18.00 to $21.00 per week, according to location. 
Highland Park Hotel, $4.50. Aiken Hotel, $4.00. 

CHARLESTON, S. C. 
CARLESTON HOTEL, E. H. Jackson & Co., $4. 
Pavilion Hotel, G. T. Alford & Co., $3.00. 
Waverly House, Kennedy & Ruff, $2.50. 

SAVANNAH, GA. 
SCREVEN HOUSE, R. Bradley, Proprietor, $4.00. 
Pulaski House, S. N. Papot & Co., $4.00. 
Marshall House, A. B. Luce, $3.00. 
Pavilion Hotel, P. J. Hobart, $3.00. 
Planters' Hotel, A. E. Carr, $2.00. 

AUGUSTA, GA. 
Planters' Hotel, $4.00. Globe Hotel, $3.00. 
Augusta Hotel, $3.00. 



Whitney's elokida pathfinder. 35 

ATLANTA, GA. 
H. I. Kimball House. Geo. McGinly, $3.00 to $4.00. 
Markham House. J. E. Owens, $3.00. 

MACON, GA. 

Brown's Hotel, $4.00. Spotswood Hotel, $3.00. 

Lanier House, $3.00. Planters' Hotel, $3.00. 
ST. MARY'S, GA. 

Spencer House, James Bowman, $3.00. 
KNOXVILLE, TENN. 

La Mar House, $3.00. Atkin's Hotel. $3.00. 
FERNANDXNA, FLA. 

Mansion House, M. W. Downie, $3.50. 

Eiddell House. S. T. Riddell, $2.50. 

Norwood House, Miss J. S. Mooney, $2 .00. 

For information and Through Tickets to Florida, 
apply at 

NEW YORK.— 1 Astor House. Astor House, 229, 
261, 315, 526, and 044 Broadway; at all Pennsylvania 
Railroad Ticket Offices; foot of Courtlandand Des- 
brosses Streets, and No. 4 Court Street, Brooklyn. 

BOSTON.— No. 3 Old State House, 203, 205, 219, 
222, 228, 232 and 240 Washington Street. 15 United 
States Hotel Block. 

PHILADELPHIA.— 700, 732 and 838 Chestnut 
Street; cor. 8th and Chestnut Street; depot, cor. )' 
Broad St. and Washington Avenue ; and cor. Broadand 
Chestnut Streets, and at Depot West Philadelphia. 

The Far} to Jacksonville by all rail routes, also by 
Old Dominion S. S. Co., $36.75. To St. Augustine, 
$40.75. 

Fare to Jacksonville by Charleston and Savannah 
Steamship Lines, $27.75. To St. Augustine, $31.75. 

Fare on River Steamers from Jacksonville to Tocoi, 
$1. 00 ; Palatka, $2 .00. Meals $1 . 00 extra. To Enter- 
prise, including meals and stateroom, $9.00. Palatka 
to Enterprise, including meals and stateroom, $6.00. 
Time— Jacksonville to Ent rprise, 36 hours. 



30 Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 

Schedules of Routes to Florida. 

* Denote change of way cars. Schedules subject to 
change. 

The following Schedules apply principally to Pull- 
man Sleeping and Parlor Cars. 

Atlantic Coast Line Railroads. 

New York Office, 229 Broadway. 

No. 1. Via Hail — Charleston, Savannah, Jack- 
sonville. Leave New York 3 p.m. via "Penn. Kail- 
road, " take New York and Washington Through Line ; 
leave Philadelphia 6.00 p.m., Baltimore 9.45 p.m.; 
sleeping car attached here for Weldon; arrive at Wash- 
ington* : 11.38 p.m., leave via "B. F. & Potomac Bail- 
road " at 11.40 p.m. ; arrive at Richmond 5.00 a.m. ; 
arrive at Weldon* 9.35 a.m., (breakfast — change); 
leave 10.05 a.m. via "Atlantic Coast Line," arrive 
at Wilmington* 6.05, (supper — change); take sleeping 
car to Charleston, leave Wilmington 6.25 p.m., arr ve 
at Florence 11.35 night, arrive at Charleston 6.10 
a. hi. ; omnibus transfer and breakfast at hotel. See 
Charleston Connection. 

No. 2. All Bail — via Wilmington, Columbia, 
Augusta to Savannah. Arrive at Wilmington* 6.05 
p.m., as in route 1, (supper); leave Wilmington via 
"Wil., Col. & Augusta Bailroad" at 6.25 p.m., take 
Pullman sleeping car to Augusta, arrive at Florence* 
11.35 night, arrive at Columbia 4 a.m., arrive at 
Graniteville 7.40 a.m., (breakfast) ; arrive at Augusta* 
9.0!) a.m., thence via "Central B. B. of Georgia, " arrive 
at Savannah 5.25 p.m. ; omnibus transfer, (breakfast). 
See ' ' Savannah Connections. " 

Bay Line Steamers — Atlantic Coast Line. 

No. 3. Baltimore, Norfolk, Charleston, Savan- 
nah, or Norfolk, Columbia, Augusta, Savannah. 
Leave New York via "Penn. Bailroad" at 8.40 a.m., 
arrive at Baltimore :i 3.55 p.m.; omnibus transfer to 
the "Bay Line" steamers; meals and stateroom, each 




J 

~£ L-^J ' ^••"'•! 1 < | i'" ;i ' : N Ki^-nivud specially 

_> Live Oak fj.P^ ,M, ^AC^ 0r - < V"- LE \\\\ \\ for Whitney's 

■?*" A lS!Ul < *A»tognolta^rjK ■' nil)) Flor,da *»*"*■«« 



WHITNEY S FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 




$1 extra. Leave Baltimore 4.00 p.m., arrive at Nor- 
folk 5.50 a.m., leave 6.00 a.m. via "Seaboard & 
Roanoke Railroad;" arrive at Weldon* 9.30 a.m.; 
thence a j in Atlantic Coast Line, No. 1 or 2. 

The 9.3C a.m. Limited Express makes close con- 
nection with Bay Line of Steamers at Baltimore. 

Piedmont Air Line, 

G. Yingling, Gen'l East. Pass. Ag't, 9 Astor House. 

No. 4. Via Richmond, Charlotte, Atlanta, 
Jacksonville. Leave New York via "Penn. Rail- 
road" 3.00 p.m.; leave Philadelphia 6.00 p.m. ; ar- 
rive at Baltimore 9.40 p.m., sleeping car here at- 
tached to train running through to Richmond, 
arriving 5.00 a.m., (change); leave Richmond 5.50 
a.m. via "Piedmont Air Line," arrive at Burkville 
8.35 a.m. (breakfast); arrive at Danville 1.43 p.m.; 
Reidsville 2.57 p.m. (dinner) ; arrive at Charlotte 
8.35 p.m. (supper, change); take sleeping car for At- 
) lanta ; arrive at Norcross 8 23 a. m. , (breakfast) ; arrive 
at Atlanta 9.30 a.m. ; (dinner at hotel, change) ; leave 
Atlanta 10.40 p.m., take sleeping car to Jacksonville; 
arrive at Macon 5.54 a. in. ; arrive at Jacksonville 7.45 
a.m. See St. John's River Steamers. 

No. 5. Via Richmond, Charlotte, Columbia, 
Charleston. Leave via New York and Washington 
Through Line, "Penn. Railroad," 3.00 p.m., as per 
schedule No. 4. ; arrive at Charlotte 8.35 p.m. (supper, 
change); leave 9.15 p.m.; arrive at Columbia 3 40 
a.m. (change) ; leave 7.03 a.m., via "S. C. Railroad;" 
arrive at Charleston 4.45 p.m. (transfer — hotel). See 
Charleston Connections. 

No. 6. Via Augusta, Savannah, Jacksonville. 
Arrive at Columbia 3.40 a.m., as in route No. 5, leave 
3.40 a.m. via "Midland Route;" arrive at Granite- 
ville 7.28 a.m. (breakfast); arrive at August i 8.45 a. 
m. ; thence via "Magnolia Route," 1 av3 9.15 a.m.; 
arrive at Savannah 5. 25 p.m. See Savannah Connec- 
tions. 



40 Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 

No. 7. Via Baltimore, West Point, York River 
Route. Leave New York 8.40 a.m. via "Penn. Rail- 
road ;" arrive at Baltimore 3 .45 p.m. ; leava Baltimore 
every Tuesday, Thursday aud Saturday at 4.00 p.m. ; 
take steamer "Havana" via "York River Route;" ar- 
rivo at West Point 8.00 a.m., rail to Richmond, arrive 
10.00 a.m. (change), continue with schedule No. 4. 

Virginia Midland & Kennesaw Route. 

G. M. Huntington, 349 Broadway. 

No. 8. Leave 9. p.m., sleeping car to Baltimore or 
Washington; leave Philadelphia 11.30 p.m.; leave 
Baltimore* 5.10 a.m.; Washington 7.45 a.m.; (break- 
fast), take Pullman car either at Baltimore or Wash- 
ington; nrrive at Gordonsville 12.55; (dinner) Lynch- 
burg* 5.30 p.m.; Liberty 7.00 p.m.; (supper); arrive 
at Greenville 7.40 a.m. ; (breakfast); arrive at Knox- 
ville 11.52 a.m.; Mouse Creek 2.40 p.m.; (dinner); 
arrive at Dalton* 5.40 p.m. (supper — change); take 
sleeping car, arrive at Atlanta* 10.15 p.m.; Macon* 
4.0J a.m. ; MacRea 8.00 a.m. (breakfast); Tebeauville 
1.30 p.m. (dinner); Jacksonville 10.10 p.m. 

No. 9. Virginia Midland and Magnolia Routes. 
Leave New York 3.00 p.m., Philadelphia 6.00 p.m., 
Baltimore 10.30 p.m., (chnnge); take sleeping car 
here attached. Leave Washington 11 .40 p.m. ; arrive 
at Lovingston 7.40a.m., (breakfast); arrive at Lynch- 
burg 9.40 a.m., Danville* 1.17 p.m., (change), Rieds- 
ville 2.57 p.m., (dinmr); arrive at Charlotte* 9. 15 p.m., 
(change); take sleeping car via "Midland Route," 
arrive at Columbia 3.40 a.m., Graniteville 7.48 a.m., 
(breakfast). (Arrive at Aiken 10.12 a.m.), Augusta 
8.45 a.m., (change), thence via "Magnolia Route," 
arrive at Savannah 3.20 p.m., (dinner); no omnibus 
transfer, change in union depot, take sleeping car, 
leave 3.40 p.m., arrive at Jacksonville 7.45 a.m. 

No. 10. Via Virginia Midland. Charleston, 
Savannah and Jacksonville. Leave New York 3.00 
p.m., and arrive at Columbia 3.40 a.m., as in route 

IL 



No. 9, (change). Leave Columbia 9.00 a.m., via 
"South Carolina Railroad," arrive at Charleston 4.45 
p.m., (omnibus transfer — dinner). Leave Charleston 
via "Savannah & Charleston R. R." at 9.30 p.m., 
take sleeping car, arrive at Savannah 7.00 a.m. 
(breakiast), no omnibus transfer. Leave 8.30 a.m. 
via "Atlantic & Gulf Eailroad, " arrive at Tebeauville 
1.15 p.m., (dinner), Live Oak 5.20 p.m.. (supper), 
arrive at Jacksonville 10.10 p.m. 

Old Dominion Steamship. 

197 Greenwich St., cor. Fulton, New York. 
No. 12. Norfolk, Charleston, Savannah, Jack- 
sonville. Leave pier37, Northriver, 3 p.m. Steamer 
sailing every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. Ar- 
rive following day, 4 p.m. at Norfolk. Included in 
this ticket are coupons for omnibus transfer and hotel 
accommodations. Leave Portsmouth 6 a. m. following 
morning via S. & R. Railroad. Arrive at Wei don 
9.30 a.m., thence via W. & W. Railroad, leave 10.05 
a.m., arrive at Goldsboro 2.05 p.m. (dinner), arrive 
at Wilmington (change) 6.05 p.m. (supper). Take 
sleeping car for Charleston. Leave Wilmington 6.25 
( p.m. via Wil., Col. & Augusta Railroad; arrive at 
Florence* 11.30 p.m. Leave via N. E. Railroad 11.35 
night; arrive at Charleston 6.10 a.m.; omnibus trans- 
fer. Breakfast at hotel. Leave 8.15 a.m. via S. & C. 
Railroad ; arrive at Yemassee 11.56 a.m. (dinner), ar- 
rive at Savannah 3 .20 p. m . ; no omnibus transfer. See 
Savannah connections. 

No. 13. Norfolk, Columbia, Augusta, Savannah. 
Arrive at Wilmington* 6.05 p.m. (supper) as in 
route No. 12, take sleeping car to Augusta* via W., 
C. & A. Railroad; arrive at Florence* 11.35 p.m. ; ar- 
rive at Columbia 4.00 a.m.; thence via "Midland 
Route;" arrive at Graniteville 7.40 a.m. (breakfast); 
Ij arrive at Augusta* 9.00 a.m., (change); take day train 
\ via G. C. Railroad; arrive Savannah 5.25 p.m. ; omni- 
k bus transfer, hotel. See "Savannah Connections." 



WHITITEY S FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 



4:5 




OLD DOMINION 






Engraved for 

Whitney's 

Florida Pathfinder. 



46 Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 

Via Richmond, thence "Piedmont Air Line." Leave 
New York as in routes 12 and 13, and arrive at Rich- 
mond second day at noon, transfer to R. & D. depot. 
"Piedmont Air Line." See Piedmont Air Line 
Routes from Richmond. 

New York & Charleston Steamships. 

James W. Quintard & Co., Ag'ts, 177 West St. 
Sailing every Wednesday and Saturday, at 3 p.m., 
from Pier 29 North river. Comprising the following 
side-wheel steamships; The "Champion," Capt. R. 
W. Lockwood; "South Carolina," Capt. J. T. Beckett; 
"City of Atlanta, "Capt. M. S.Woodhull; "Charleston," 
Capt. Jas. Berry; "Georgia," Capt. S. Crowell. The 
steamer leaving New York en Wednesday, arrives at 
Charleston Saturday morning. Saturday's steamer 
arrives at Charleston Tuesday morning, making 
continuous connection with the steamers "Dictator" 
and ' 'City Point, " leaving Charleston on Tuesday and 
Saturday. See Charleston Connections. 

Charleston Connections. 

' 'Savannah & Charleston R. R. " Leave Charleston 
8.15 a.m., arrive at Yemassee 11.56 a.m. (dinner); 
leave 12.43 p.m.; arrive at Savannah 3.20 p.m.; no 
omnibus transfer for through passengers. 

Leave Charleston 9.30 p.m., take sleeping car; ar- 
rive at Savannah 7.00 a.m.; no omnibus transfer, 
(breakfast.) See "Savannah Connections." 

Florida Steamship Co. ' 'Dictator" leaves Charles- 
ton every Tuesday 8.00 p.m., (making continuous 
connection with "N. Y. & Charleston S. S. Co's" 
Saturday's steamer, from New York) ; arrive at Savan- 
nah Wednesday, 7.00 a.m.; leava 12.00 noon, arrive 
at Fernandina same evening, arrive at Jacksonville 
Thursday 9. 00 a.m. , arrive at Palatka 3. 00 p. m. The 
"City Point" leave Charleston every Saturday 8.00 
p.m. (making cc inuous connection with "New 
York & Charleston S. S. Co's " steamer leaving New 
York on Wednesday); arrive at Savannah Sunday 7.00 



48 Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 

a.m., leave 12.00 noon; arrive at Fernandina same 
evening; arrive at Jacksonville Monday 9.00 a.m.; 
Palatka 3.00 p.m. 

Ftfew York and Savannah Steamships. 

MURRAY LINE, sailing from Pier 16 East river, 
at 3.00 p.m. The steamship "Leo," Capt. James 
Daniels. The -'Cleopatra," Capt. E. M. Bulkley. 
Steamers sailing each alternate Tuesday, and arrive 
at Savannah Friday morning. Murray, Ferris & Co. , 
Agents, 02 South Street. 

EMPIRE LINE, sailing from Pier 43, North River, 
every Thursday and Saturday 3 p .m. Wm. E. Gar- 
rison, Agent, 5 Bowling Green. 

BLACK STAR LINE, sailing from Pier 12, North 
River, every Saturday at 3 p.m. R. Lowden, Agent, 
93 West Street, 

PbiSadelphia & Savannah Steamers. 

The Philadelphia & Southern Mall Steamship 
Co. Leave Philadelphia every Saturday from Pier 
22, at 12 noon. Win. L. James, Ag't, 416 South 
Delaware avenue, Philadelphia. 

Savannah Connections. 

•'Atlantic & Gulf Railroad "to Jacksonville. 
Leave Savannah 3.40 p.m. daily; take sleeping car 
to Jacksonville; arrive at Jesup 6.50 p.m. (supper); 
arrive at Du Pont 11.20 p.m. ; arrive at Live Oak 2.20 \\ 
a.m.; arrive at Baldwin 6.15 a.m. (breakfast); arrive 
at Jacksonville 7.45 a.m. See River Steamers. 

Leave Savannah 8. 30 a. m. (except Sunday) ; arrive at 
Tebeauville 1.15 p.m. ^dinner); arrive at Live Oak i| 
5.20 p.m. (supper); arrive at. Jacksonville 10.10 p.m. 

Inside Route. Steamer "Katie," Capt. W. T. 
Gibson, leaves Savannah every Wednesday 9 a.m., 
making continuous connections with Saturday steam- 
ers from New York, for Jacksonville and all points 
on the St. John's river. Arrive at Jacksonville 
Thursday 12 noon; arrive at Tocoi 3.00 p.m. ; arrive 
at Palatka, the terminus, 6 p.m. 



WHITNEY S FLOBIDA PATHFINDER. 





PE U 14. 

PHILADELPHIA 



WILMINGTON, 

""It:-. 









Whitney's flobida pathfindee. 51 



The steamers "Dictator" and " City Point, " leave 
Savannah every Wednesday and Sunday at 12 noon, 
for Jacksonville aud all points on the St. John's river 
terminiting at Palatka. 

Fernandina Steamers. 

Propellers "Montgomery," Capt. F. M. Faircloth; 
" Huntsville, " Capt F. Chester. Side-wheel steamer 
"Hatteras," Capt. L. Mankin. Sailing from Pier 3 
North river, every alternate Thursday at 3 p.m. ; arriv- 
ing at Fernandina every Tuesday morning, thence via 
Rail to Jacksonville ; or, connect with steamer for Jack- 
sonville and all points on the St. John's river. 
Herm. Gelpcke, 5 William street, New York. 

Savannah to Nassau. 

Steamer leaves Savannah Saturday Jan. 1st; Tues- 
day Jan. 11th; Saturday Jan. 22d; and continuing 
every ten days, or oftener, should travel warrant. 

Fare, New York to Nassau $50, gold. Savannah 
co Nassau $30, gold. Excursion rates, New York to 
Nassau and return, $90, gold. Savannah to Nassau 
and return $60, gold. See page 78. jj 

St. John's River Steamers. 

Regular Mail (Brock's) Line of Steamers. Await- 
ing arrival of morning train, 7.45 a.m., from Savannah. 
Monday, "David Clark," or "Hattie," to Enterprise. 
Tuesday, ' ' Florence, " to Palatka. 
Wednesday, "D. Clark," or "Hattie," to Enterprise. 
Thursday, "Florence," to Palatka. 
Friday, "David Clark," or "Hattie," to Enterprise. 
Saturday, ' ' Florence, " to Palatka. 

Schedule Time of Steamers : Leave Railroad 
wharf 9.00 a.m., arrive at Mandarin 10.00 a.m., Mag- 
nolia 11.40 a.m., Green Cove Spring 12.10 noon, 
Tocoi 1.30 p.m., connect here with train for St. 
Augustine; arrive at Palatka 3.50 p.m. 

TOCOI. "Pastime," Capt. R. H. Eldridge, leaves 
Tocoi 9.30 a.m. — on arrival of train from St. Augus- 
tine — arrive at Jacksonville 12.30 p.m. Leave Jack- 



52 Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 



sonville 3.00 p.m., arrive at Tocoi 6.15 p.m., connect- i 

ing with train for St. Augustine. H. T. Baya, Ag't. ' 

PALATKA and intermediate 1 ladings. Steamer .. 

"Hampton," Oapt. A. W. Stark, le ves Jack sonville, <'} 

(Kailroad wharf) 9.00 a.m. daily, except Sun- It 

day, on arrival oi" (rain from Savanmh, connecting (( 

at Tocoi with trdn for St. Augustine, and at Palatka 7 

with steamers for Enterprise and the Oclawaha river. )) 
John Clark, Agent, Jacksonville. 

INDIAN RIVER, Steamer '-Volusia." Capt. T. W. ;, 

Lund, leaves Jacksonville (John Clark's wharf) every (I 

Saturday, 9.00 a.m., touching at Tocoi. Lea v.; Pal- I 

atka Saturday 10.00 p.m. Leave Mellon ville Monday \\ 

6.00 a.m. Leave Enterprise 7.00 a.m. Leave Lake C 

Jessup 10.00 a.m. Arrive at Salt Lake Tuesday / 

morning. Returning, leave Salt Lake 12.00 noon same )) 

day, Enterprise, Wednesday 6.00 a.m.; Mellon ville [ \ 

7.00 a.m.; Palatka Thursday 4.00 a.m., stopping at I 

Tocoi. Arriving at Jacksonville Tuesday evening. /[ 

OCLAWAHA RIVER and Silver Spring, Harts' line. ,' 

Steamer leaves Palatka daily 10. GO a.m. il 

SILVER SPRING, on Oclawaha River. Steamer | 

"Okahumkee," A. L. R'ce, master. Leaves Jackson- (/ 

ville every Thursday 9 a.m. G. R. Foster, Agent. /) 

OCLAWAHA RIVER, Steamer ' 'Tuskawilla/' Capt. /) 
C. D. Taylor, leaves Jacksonville every Thursday 
9.00 a.m. for Silver Spring, stopping at all points on 

the St. John's river, and on the Oclawaha, at Orange )) 

Springs, Iola. Eureka, Sandy Bluff, Palmetto Land- § 

ing, Gore's Landing, Duresoe's Landing, Graham's [\ 

Landing, and Belk's Bluff. Returning, leaves Silver (( 

Springs Monday, arriving at Jacksonville Tuesday. « 

St. John's Railroad. k 

Leave Tocoi for St. Augustine 14.00 a.m., 3.00 yj 

p.m., 5.30 p.m. Leave fJt. August'ne for Toc^i 9;00 If 

a.m., 2.00 p.m.. 4. 00 ] .m. Connecting with all (} 

steamers on St. John's river for points North and South. \) 



WHITNEY'S PLOEIDA PATHFINDEE. 






^— — — — — — — — - — y—- 

NEWfYORJ^y 

NN, ^"Wll 





This spacious and elegant Hotel occupies the most command- 
ing situation in the City; and, during the past Summer, having 
been enlarged to double its former capacity, offers superior ac- 
commodations to the traveling public. It has a Southerly front 
of 200 feet upon the Plaza, or Public Square, and an Easterly front 
of 160 feet upon the Bay, with wide piazzas and hanging balconies 
from each story, overlooking the City, Bay and Atlantic Ocean. 

The House has been entirely refitted and refurnished through- 
out. Is lighted with gas and provided with every modern im- 
provement, including water conveniences, electric bells, etc., etc. 

The Dining Hall is capable of seating over 300 guests, and the 
table will be furnished with all the luxuries of the Norther i 
markets. At this Hotel every convenience will be found in the 
way of Telegraph and Ticket Offices, Bar and Billiard Saloons, &c. 




THE MAGNOLIA HOTEL, 

ST. ATTGTTSTIXE, F1.A., 

W.W. PALMER, Proprietor. 

This favorite house is located upon St. 
George St. — the Fifth Avenue of St. Augus- 
tine — it stands upon the highest ground in 
the city and commands a fine view of the 
Ocean. 

Single rooms and apartments en suite. 

The cuisine is in every respect unexcep- 
tionable. 



i 50 Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 



") Hapten H©n»©t 1 

CHARLOTTE ST., 

i 

j] ST. AUGUSTIHE, FLORIDA. , 
Accommodating ioo Guests. 



This new hotel, having been recently fin- 
ished, is now open for the reception of j 
J guests. 

I 

Board by the clay, $3.00. 

Very Reasonable Terms by the Week. 

It is newly furnished, and contains a 
',' large number of connecting rooms fronting 
( on the South — very desirable for families. 

The hotel is situated near the St. Augustine 
j Hotel, in the central part of the city, and 

overlooks the Ocean. 

R. PALMER & CO., 

Proprietors. 



Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 57 

ORIENTAL HOTEL, 

COR. CHARLOTTE & TREASURY STS., 
ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA. 

WM. G. PONCE, - Proprietor. 

The Proprietor ot this popular house makes every 
effort to extend comiort and satisfaction to guests. 
The table is supplied with the best, and not inferior to 
that of any hotel in the city. The chambers and oth- 
er apartments fitted up in the best style. The best 
attendants that can be procured, and every arrange- 
ment about the establishment to suit the most fastidi- 
ous of visitors. 

MRS. ABBOTT'S 

Private Boarding House, 

Cor. Marine St. and Bravo's Lane, 

ST. AUGUSTINE, FL.A. 

MRS. J. V. HERNANDEZ, 

STILL, CONTINUES HER 

First-Class Boading House 

On CHARLOTTE STREET, opposite the well-known 
Aurora House, kept by her for tlie past 5 years, and in which she 

!l\ gave perfect satisfaction. She has now accommodations for 
J about 40 guests. Terms from $10 to $15 per week, or transient 
\ $2 per day. 



58 Whitney's flokida pathftndee. 



E. J. DE MEDICIS, 
BOARDING HOUSE, 

St. George St.. South of the Plaza, 

ST. AUGUSTIXE, F1A. 

TERMS, - $12 TO $15 PER WEEK. 

T. A. PACETTI, 

Dealer In 

Drugs, Chemicals, Perfumery, Etc. 

AND FINE 

WINES, LIQUORS AND ALES 

For Medicinal TTse. 

CIGARS A SPECIALTY, 

ST. AUGUSTINE, FEA. Adjoining the Old Cathedral. 

" F. W.~ANSLEY, 

Manufacturer and Dealer in 

FLORIDA JEWELS Y, 

Vi Feather Flowers, Feather Fans, Fancy Goods, Sea- 
y Beans, Shells, Alligator Teeth. Coral and Curi- 
u osities, at the Original Curiosity Shop. 

ST. GEOKSE ST., ST. AUGUSTINE, Fla. 

BALLARD'S CURIOSITY STOH3 

Mative Jewelry, 
FEATHER, FLOWERS, Etc. 

ST GEORGE STREET, 

ST. AUGUSTINE, Fla. 



WHITNEY S FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 



Photographs by the Florida Club. 

The finest Photographs are now made by the Flori- 
da Photographic Club. Their headquarters are at 
St. Augustine, Florida. Don't buy elsewhere until 
you see their large and fine assortment. Their Ocla- 
waha views are superb, being made by the most skill- 
ful Photographers from the North and taken from the 
best standpoints on the River. Gallery on 
ST. GEOjeGESTREET. 

Mrs. Mary Sebate Hernandez, 

Manufacturer of Ladies' and Gents' 

! FLORIDA PALMETTO HATS, 

FINE WORK A SPECIALTY, 

Corner of Treasury and Spanish Streets, 

ST. AUGUSTINE. Florida. 



G. K. MITCHELL, 

St. George Street, St. Augustine, 



Hon. John F. Whitney, Isaac Stone, Esq., <;eo. Burt, Esq., 
Thomas Pacetti. Esq. 



CHAS. HE. BOHN, 

Agent for Steamers 
"DICTATOR" AX© "CITY POIXT," FOR 

SAVANNAH AND CHARLESTON, 

And the New York Steamers from 

CHARLESTON and SAVANNAH. 

THROUGH TICKETS TO ALL FOINTS. 
POST OFFICE Bt'EJ.lXEXG, «t. Augustine, Fla. 



i( 60 Whitney's flokida pathfindeb. 

| T. D. STOTT'S 

| Shaving & Hair Dressing Saloon. 
CHARLOTTE STREET, 

Opposite St. Augustine Hotel. 

Mr. Stott is an experienced New York Barber. 

ST. JOHN'S RAILWAY, 

D. G. AMBLEB, Prest. 

f 
) 

Only Route to St. Augustine. ) 



\ The best Eoad in the South, with New Rails; 
i New Engines and New Cars. Four Fast Trains 
/ Daily Each Way, during the Season of 1875 
) and 1876. Passengers will not be subjected to 
Annoying Delays at Tocoi. 

Trains make close connection with all Passen- 
i) ger Boats on St. John's River. 

Office, Tocoi, Fla.. 
November 1st, 1875. 

BOARDING, 

MANDARIN, FLORIDA, 

Fifteen miles above Jacksonville. Location immediately on the 
bank of the St. John's, fifth house southerly from the landing. 

Rooms large and airy, and a table supplied equal to anywhere in 
the State. 

Store supplies and all conveniences for travelers to be found at 

J the place. Facilities for Hunting:, Boating:, Ac, Ac, 

always at command. Personal applications received, or address, 

T. R. WEBB. 



WHITNEY 3 FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 



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WHITNEY S FLOELDA PATHTINDEE. 



DKY GOODS AT NORTHERN PRICES. 

FURCHGOTT, BEX EDICT «fe CO., Atlantic Block 

Store, Cor. Pine and Bay Sts., or 2G *fe &8 Bay St. 

JACKSOxWILLE, FLORIDA. 

We have just removed to the above place. Our store is the larg- 
est in the STATE, comprising 7296 square feet, Iron front 
painted black, large windows. Large facilities enable us to sell 
goods at STRICTLY NORTHERN PRICES. Call and see our 
store and you will be convinced. Have a branch in Charleston, 
•275 King St. ; and Atlanta, 38 Whitehal 1 St. : NewYork.41 White St. 
CARPETS, MATTINGS and OIL CLOTHS A "SPECIALTY." 
FURCHGOTT, BENEDICT <fc CO., 
Atlantic Block. Store, Cor. Pine and Bay Sts. 

A PARTNER WANTED. 

One with Capital to Manotactube 

GBA«mmndOKA«mB§MSH 

From the native Sour Orange of Florida. And to Manu- 
facture an improved Fruit or Orange Case. 

I. I. MITE. Mellonville, Fla. ) 

Fine Site for Sugar Plantation & Orange Groves. 

I offer For Sale the fine bluff known as Oak Grove, containing 
Four hundred acres. Thirty acres cleared and fenced with fifty 
thrifty Orange trees: forty Scuppernong Grapevines; one hun- 
dred Peach trees, and a valuable growth of timber and light 
wood. Oak Grove hus a frontage on tb. * v 'i JoDn's River of more 
than half a mile, and lies between the celebrated Sadler planta- 
tion and Black Po nl, and only six miles from Jacksonville, and 
looking directly into the city. Five acres of standing Sugar cane, 
Enough seed for twenty acres will be sold with place'. Price 
J$I5 per acre. Apply ~W. W. Bewhurst, Tocoi, or "Flori- 
da Agricultu-ist" office, Jacksonville, Fla. 

Clarendon Hotel, 
aiken, s. c. 

[( McLAURIE & RUSSELL, Proprietors. )\ 
Passengers and Baggage Transferred Free. 



WHITNEY S FLOBTDA PATHFINDEIt. 



63 



R. BRADLEY, Proprietor. 




This long and favorably known House, pleasantly 
situated on 

JOMNSOX SQUARE, 
is considered the leading FIRST-CLASS HOTEL in 
Savannah, AS DEMONSTRATED by its receiving 
the majority of the First-Class travel coming to this 
city. Ithas just been thoroughly repaired, renovated and 
repainted. Its organization in all its departments be- 
ing complete; the table supplied at all times with the 
best the Northern and Home markets afford, and hav- 
ing attached a First-Class Bar-room, Billiard Room, 
Barber Shop and Bathing Saloon, with all depart- 
ments filled with capable, polite and attentive superin- 
tendents and servants, offers to traveling public com- 
forts unsurpassed by any House in the Southern States. 

To those who have patronized it, the Proprietor 
thinks it only necessary to say IT IS, AND WILL 
BE KEPT FULLY up to its past standard, and to 
solicit those who have not, to favor it with a trial. 

Particular attention given to letters and telegrams re- 
questing Rooms reserved, also securing of Sleeping Car 
Berths, Staterooms, and Tickets for fruests. 

Our Omnibus and comfortable Carriages will be 
found at all arriving Trains and Steamers. 



64 V/IIITNFY's FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 



ri 



Charleston Hotel, j 

Charleston, S. C, 
E. H. JACKSON & Co., 

Proprietors. 



General Railway and Steamship Ticket Office. 
I( Through Tickets by Rail to all points; also, via Hay 
Line Steamers, and by Rail and Steamship, via Nor- 
folk, to New York. 

A. BUTTERFIELD, 

GENERAL TICKET AGENT, 

CHARLESTON HOTEL. 

The undersigned respectfully begs leave 1o call the attention of 
the Traveling Public to the New and Handsomely Furnished 

ST. JAMES HOTEL, 

RICHMOND, VA„ 

Pleasantly located on Twelfth Street, facing Bank Street and 
the Capitol Square. 

In the centre of the business portion of the- city, within one 
square of the Post Office and Custom House, it is, by its retired 
location opposite the Southeast corner of the beautiful park sur- 
rounding the Capitol of Virginia, the most quiet Hotel in Rich- 
mond. 

The Proprietor having had a life-long experience in hotel busi- 
ness—first at the Everett House, lNew|York, and afterward as 
Proprietor of the Spotswood Hotel, Richmond, in its best days, 
and now assisted by 

MR. JOHN P. BALLARD, 

The ponnlar veteran Hotel keeper of Virginia, assures visitors 
of the ST. JAMES that no effort on his part will be spared to 
make them comfortable and to keep the house in firs -class -tyle. 
Coaches will attend he arrival of all trains. Elegant carriages 
are at all times at the service of the traveling public. 

T. W. HOENNIGER, 

Fraprldor. 



Whitney's flokeda pathfendeb. 65 

FRANCIS & LOUTE.EL, 

45 Maiden Lane. New York, 

STATIONERS, PRINTERS, 

Manufacturers of 

Patent Spring Back Account Books, 
PATENT SAFETY CHECK. 

This Check cannot be altered without detection. 

Our Patent Copyable Printing Ink will copy in an ordi- 
nary copying press. 
All kinds of first-class Stationery, Writing Papers, Desks, 
Portfolios, Scrap Books, Expense Books, Diaries, 
Ladies', Gents' and Family Wash Books, 
Pocket Cutlery, Carrs, Chessmen, 
Wallets, Ac. 
We keep everything in our line, and sell at low prices. 
TO PRINTERS.— Use our Patent Composition for Inking Rollers 
—does not harden, shrink or crack, and retains its suc- 
tion for years. 

ORDERS SOLICITED. 



Hiram Sammis, 
I mp off t l«.g !-&!!#» , 

No. 152 Nassau Street, 

PRINTING HOUSE SQUARE, 
NEW YORK. 



66 



WHITNEY S PrOKLDA PATHFINDER. 



BOGLE & LYLES, 

IMPORTERS OP 

IRISH OAT MEAL, 

AND DEALERS IN 

Choice Canned Fruits, 

87 & 89 PARK PLAGE, NEW YORK. 



JAS. E. PINGLE. 



J. J. BLACKMAK. 



PINGLE & BLACXMAN, 

COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 



FLOVK, GRAIN, 

37 Water Street, 



HAY «fe FEED, 

New York. 



Special Attention given to Southern Orders, 

Which are filled with Promptness and at Prices that Defy Com- 
petitior 

GBOHT & McLAREN, 

Wholesale Dealers in 

BUTTER AND CHEESE, 

110 WARREN ST., NEW YORK. 

Constantly on hand a large stock of extra fine But- 
ter and Cheese, suitable for Hotel table and Fancy- 
Grocers' use, at prices that defy competition. 

WARREN RAY, 

SHIPPING AND COMMISSION MERCHANT, 

120 WALL STREET, NEW YORK. 

Regular Packet Lines for Jacksonville, Fla. , 
and St. Augustine, Florida. 

Freight taken for all Points on the St. John's River and the 
Interior. Insurance effected at low rates. Goods received and 
forwarded without charge. 



Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 67 



Stereoscopic Views of Florida. 

The best assortment of views of Florida, as well as of all other 
parts of the United States are published by 

E. <fc H. T. ANTHONY <fc CO. 

591 Broadway, New York. 

Opp. Metropolitan Hotel. 
Headquarters for STEREOPTICONS, Magic LANTEBNS & SLIDES. 

H. WALDSTEIN, 

OPTICIAN, 

545 Broadway, N. Y. 

Field, Marine, Opera and Tourists' Glasses, Telescopes, 
Barometers, Etc. Eye Glasses and Specta- 
cles to suit the most peculiar Eyes. 

ESTABLISHED 1822. 

THOMAS BATE MILLS, 

Successor to THOMAS H. BATE & CO., 
Manufacturer and Importer of 

Needles, Fish Hooks and Fishing Tackle, 

Xo. 7 WARRE\ ST., XEW YORK, 

One door from Broadway. 

Tourists and Sportsmen intending to visit Florida, and desiring 

piscatory articles, should visit this long established house, where 

they cannot fail to obtain all such implements in the fishing line 

as they may desire. 

CAMP LIFE IN FLORIDA, 

A HANDBOOK FOR 

Sportsmen, Invalids, Tourists, and Settlers. 

350 pp., 12 mo. Price *1 -"►<►. 

Published by "Forest & Stream" Publishing Co., 

IT CHATHAM ST., X. Y. 

Copi?s can be obtained in St. Augustine, Fla., by application to 
J. O. Whitney, Florida Presx Office. 
'Forest and Stream i; the great game organ of the United 
States."— Rvhmoud Whig, Dec. 1, 1875. 



J 



68 Whitney's floeida pathfinder. 



FLORIDA! FLORIDA! 

THE 

BALK I OHIO UOAUD 

And its Connections Offer a 

MOST ATTACTIVE ROUTE 

To the Invalid and Tourist seeking the Health- 
restoring Climate and Pleasures of 

AIKEN, FLORIDA, 

AND OTHER WINTER RESORTS IN 

THE SUNNY SOUTH. 

Passengers leaving the New England Cities by the 
Morning and Mid -day trains, and New York by the 
Evening trains, have 

PULLMAN CARS, 

NEW YORK TO 

WASHINGTON AND 

SHEPHERD, 

Without Change, 

Where Close Connections are made with 

THE VIRGINIA MIDLAND AND 
FREDERICKSBURG ROUTES TO 

ALL POINTS SOUTH. 

TICKET OFFICES: 
219 Washington Street, Boston. 

«61 and 315 Broadway, ftew York. 

TOO and 838 Chestnut St., Philadelphia. 

And all Principal Railroad Ticket Offices in New 
England and the South. 



Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 69 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. 

M &8EA! NATIONAL ROUTS. 



\ West,North- West & South- West. 



Traverses under One Management 

The Great States of 
MARYLAND, VIRGINIA, PENN- 
SYLVANIA, OHIO, INDIANA 
AND ILLINOIS. 

Forming an Unbroken and Continuous 

THROUGH LINE 

FROM THE 

Atlantic Seaboard to the Croat Lakes, 



Insuring Direct and Unfailing Connections. 

I PULLMAN and THROUGH CARS to CHICAGO. 

PULLMAN and TH ROUGH CARS to CINCINNATI. 

PULLMAN and THROUGH C ARStoPITTSBURGH 
PULLMAN CARS TO ST. LOUIS. 
J PULLMAN CARS TO NEW ORLEANS. 

TICKET OFFICES: 

Roston,»319 Washington Street. 
New York,— a«l and :*15 Broadway. 
Philadelphia,--?©!) and 839 Chestnut Street. 

And ail Principal Radroad Ticket offices in New- 
England; the West; North -West and South- West. 



70 Whitney's Florida, pathfinder. 

Atlantic Coast Line Railways. 

DIRECT SHORT ROUTE TO 

FLORIDA and the SOUTH, 

"ALL RAIL," 
Via Washington. Richmond and Wilmington. 

The Parlor and Sleeping Car Arrangements for tho present sea- 
son (1875-6) have been perfected. The most improved style of 
Parlor Cars will be found on all day and Sleeping Cars <n all 
night trains. CKir continuous accommodations are as follows. 
3.09 P. M. train from New York, take Parlor Car to Baltimore and 
Washington. Sleeping Car attached at Baltimore 9.50 P. M., ar- 
riving at Weldon nevt day, without leaving the train, 9.S0 A. M., 
Parlor Car to Wilmington, (change here in Union depot,) take 
Pullman sleeper for Charleston or Augusta, arrive at Wilmington 
605 P. M. same day, change in Union depot; arrive ah Charleston 
<)1 J A. M. next day. Connect with train to Savannah and Jack- 
sonville via Augusta, arrive 8.20 A. M. (next day from Wilming- 
ton.) Connect with train for Savannah thence to Jacksonville. 

Passengers leavins: NEW YORK 9.00 P. M. daily for WIL- 
MINGTON ad< HARLESTON, connecting at Washington Citv 
via BALTIMORE & I'OTOMAC RAILROAD, with POTOMAC 
STEAME i leaving Seventh St. wharf at 7.25 A. M for Quantico 
Creek, then o ALL RAIL Through. 

Pas-senders leaving New York at 9.00 P. M. daily, via BALTI- 
MORE & OHIO RAILROAD, make the same connection at 
Washington: or by remaining in the (Baltimore & Ohioit Jar make 
direct connection witn thf» Strainer at SHEPHERD (opposite 
Alexandria) 7.55 A. M. for QUANTICO CREEK, connecting with 
Parlor Car to WELDON, Sleeping Car to WILMINGTON, and 
P rlor Car t CHARLESTON. 

TICKETS GOOD UNTIL USED. 

BAGGAGE CHECKED THROUGH. 

Good Eating-Houses at Proper Intervals, Ample 
Time for Meals. 

Tickets via this line on sale at all Pennsylvania, Baltimore and 
Ohio Railroad Offices in the North and East. 

J. II. WHITE, Pass. Agent, 
General Office, S39 Broadway, jY. Y. 

Will answer all communications addressed to him. 

Especial attention given at the above New York office, to the 
engaging and reserving of Chairs, Berths and Sections, over the 
entire Route. Tourists and Travelers are invited to call and pur- 
chas s their tickets at the above office. 
W.J.WALKER, A.POPE, 

Gen'l Agent. Gen'l Pass. «fe Ticket Agt. 



WHITNEY S FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 71 



THE 

Virginia Midland Route 

TO 



Charleston, Savannah and ths South-West, 

In 1873, Sixty-Six Miles of New Road were built, 
connecting Lynchburg with Danville; forming a new 

SHORT LINE TO THE SOUTH 

Via Alexandria and Gordonsville. By this Route 

Many Miles are Saved, 

and three disagreeable transfers avoided between Bal- [, 
timore and Danville. With its new connections, 
Charleston and Aiken, S. C, are, by this Route, reached 
much quicker than by any other. 

This Line, since the war, has made itself an excep- 
tion to the generally ill-conditioned Roads of the South, 
and deserves patronage for its enterprise. 

PULLMAN CARS 

are placed on the whole Line. Quick time is made (I 
and connections ensured. 

BAGGAGE CHECKED THROUGH, 

and every attention paid to the wants of Passengers. 
Tickets sold at all offices where ' 'Pennsylvania Railroad " 
and "Baltimore & Ohio Railroad" tickets are on sale. 

GENERAL OFFICE i 

349 BROADWAY, N. Y, 

O. M. Ill \TI\(;TO\, General Eastern Agent 



[i 72 Whitney's feorida pathfinder. 



EXTRACT from the Rev. Mr. Chipley's letter, 
written from Florida, Nov. iS, 1S75: 

* * * * Si \>ut by far the most comfortable 
Route and the one by which I desire you to bring the 
family, is that known as the 



E, 



via Washington, Lynchburg, Bristol, Knoxville, Dal- 
ton, Atlanta, Macon and Jesup. The reason I prefer 
this Route is, that it runs Pullman Cars through, virtu- 
ally without a change, the whole distance. At Dalton r 
Ga. , you get out of the New York Car to get your 
supper, and when you return to the train, you find a 
through Jacksonville car has been switched into it and 
the porter has removed your baggage into the fresh 



The tickets by this line are at the same rates, and 
the time made is the same as by other lines. A Pull- 
man car is also run by this line through from 

Baltimore to New Orleans, 



1 without change, branching off from the Florida Line 
at Atlanta. Therefore, ask for tickets via: 



KENNESAW ROUTE 



>> 



at any office where Baltimore & Ohio or Pennsylvania 
Railroad Tickets are sold. 



■Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 73 

THE MAGNOLIA 

Pttssengge? Urate* 

BETWEEN THE 

NORTH AND EAST, 

AND 

Savannah, Ga., & Florida, 

VIA 

AUGUSTA & YEMASSEE. 

The only line, via Augusta, connecting with the Atlantic & Gulf 
Railroad at Savannah; avoiding the LONG, TEDIOUS and well 
known Omnibus transfer through that city. 

The only line, via Augusta, offering close double daily all rail 
connections between Augusta, Ga., and Jacksonville, Fla. 

The only line, via Augusta, running Pulliran Palace Sleeping 
Cars between 

Augusta and Savannah. 

Passengers via the following favorite routes to and from Savan- 
nah, Ga., and Florida: 

ATLANTIC COAST LINE, 

PIEDMONT AIR LINE, 

VfRGS^A MIDLAND ROUTE, 

will please see that their Tickets read 

via Augusta and Yemassee. 

Baggage checked through, and Tickets on sale at 
all offices where those of the "Pennsylvania" and 
" Baltimore & Ohio " Railroads are sold. 

Further information cheerfully given upon applica- 
tion to 

R. H. THAYER, Gen. Agt., 

34T BROADWAY, New York. 



1 



1\ S. DAVANT, Gen. Pass. Agt., 
AUGUSTA, Ga. 



74 whttney's ploiuda pathfinder. 

A Favorite Route To 

IS VIA 

THE OLD DOMINION STEAMSHIP LINE, 

l\ Comprising the elegant Side-Wheel Passenger S earners 



"Old Dominion," 
"Wyanotee," 

"Isaac Bell,' 9 

SAILING EVERY 

Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, 

From PIER 37 NORTH RIVER, at 3 O'Clock, P.M. 

FOR NORFOLK, 

Thence by ATLANTIC COAST LINE RAILWAYS, via Wil- 
mington, Charleston and Savannah, or via Wilmington, 
Columbia, Augusta, to 

SAVANNAH, 

Thence via Rail or Water to 

FLORIDA. 

Returning, leave Norfolk every Monday, Wednes- 
day and Saturday, at 7.30 P. M. (except for a ^hort 
time in the middle of winter when steamers will leave 
at 4 P. M.) on arrival of Southern trains. 

Tickets by this route include Meals and Stateroom. 
Baggage checked to destination. 

For Through Tickets and additional information, 
apply at the office of 

THE OLD DOMINION STEAMSHIP CO., 

19T GREENWICH ST., Cor. Fulton. ST. T. 



Whitney's Florida pathfinder. 75 

FAVORITE ROUTE TO 

FLORIDA, 

VIA 

NEW YORK & CHARLESTON 

STEAMSHIPS 

TO CHARLESTON. 

One of the following elegant Steamships : 

CHAMPION, CHARLESTON, 

Ca.pt. K. W. Lockwood, Capt. «Ja». Berry. 

South Carolina, Manhattan, 

Capt. Mckcrnon. 

City of Atlanta, Georgia, 

Capt. 31. S. Woodhnll. Capt. S. Crowell. 

Leaves Pier 29, North River, every 

Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, 

At 3 o'clock, P. M. 

The above Steamers have been handsomely fitted 
up, and are unrivalled for Safety, Speed and Comfort. 

Through rates of fare as low as by any other line. 
Tickets by this line are accepted by rail or water from 
Charleston to all points in Florida and St. John's 
River Landings. Steamers returning, leave Charleston 
every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. 

AGENTS.— Jas. Adger & Co., N. Y. & Charleston 
S. S. Company. Wagner, Huger & Co. or Wm. A. 
Courtney. S. Carolina S. S. Co., Charleston, S. C. 

For further information and schedules apply at office of 

JAMES W. QUINTARD & CO., 

Xo. ITT West St., corner Warren, New York. 



Wmw WIMWE&A, 



THE 



hU\m New York Built Steamers, 

DICTATOR, - Capt. Vogel, 
€ITY POINT, Capt. Fitzjerald. 

Connect at CHARLESTON and SAVANNAH with the New 
York Steamers and Northern Trains for 

SAVANNAH, FERNANDINA, JACKSONVILLE, 
ST. AUGUSTINE, HIBERNIA, MAG- 
NOLIA, GREEN GOVE SPRING, 
AND PALATKA. 

Including all Landings on Si, John's River, 

Connect at PALATKA with Steamers for ENTERPRISE, MEL- 

LONVILLE, SANFOKD and INDIAN RIVER, also 

with Steamers for the OCLAWAHA RIVER. 

ALL THROUGH RAILROAD TICKETS TO 

FLORIDA 

Received on these Steamers in Payment of Passage. 
No Extra Charge for- Meals or Stateroom. 

VISITORS TO FLORIDA, 

Whether pleasure-seekers or invalids, will find t e route by the 
DICTATOR and CITY POINT the most enjoyable and the least 
expensive; it is the only route by which the beautiful scenery of 
the lower St. John's River can be viewed, with the many points 
rendered interesting, as the scenes of the earliest settlements on 
the Continent, andof the many bloody struggles between the 
French and Spaniards. 

Those traveling with invalids — ladies or children, will particu- 
larly appreciate the trouble and anxiety avoided, by being carried 
direct to their destination without several times having to shift 
baggage, etc., etc. 

The steamers are of the safest description, especially adapted to 
the servire— fitted with every comfort and convenience— clean, 
comfortable Staterooms; a table provided with every luxury of 
the Cha leston. Savannah and Florida marke s, and equal to that 
of any hrst-class hotel. 



Whitney's floiuda pathfindeb. 77 



FOR FLORIDA 

VIA 

MURRAY LINE. 

One of the following elegant Steamships: 

LEO, CLEOPATRA, 

Ca.pt. J. BANIEES, Capt. E, M. BULKLET, 

Will Sail from PIER 16 EAST RIVER, 

Foot Wall St. 

Every Tuesday at 3 P. M. 

Connecting at Savannah with A. & G. Railroad and 
Steamers for 

Fernandina, Jacksonville, St. 
Augustine, Palatka and 

ALL LANDINGS ON THE ST. JOHNS RIVER. 

Tickets Good by Railroad or Steamboat. 

On comparison, this v ill be found to be the Cheapest as well as 
the Most Delightful Route to the above Points. 

The rates to manv points are forty to Fifty per cent, less than 
the ALL RAIL ROUTE, the TttiE made being NEARLY AS 
SHORT, with tne addition of a Table furnished with the Luxu- 
ries of the season without additional expense. 

The Steamers of this line connect at 

SAVANNAH 

With the 

Mail Steamship for NASSAU, N. P. 

(BAHAMA ISLANDS,) 

Excursion tickets issued to points in Fl< rida at greatly reduced 
rates. Also to Nassau and Florida, and to Nassau. For further 
information and schedules apply to the agents, 

HUNTER «fc GA5IMELL, Savannah, Ga, 

MURRAY, FERRIS & CO., 

63 SOUTH STREET, New York. 



r 



78 Whitney's eloelda pathfinder. 



FOR NASSAU, N, P. 

(BAHAMAS.) 

New York, Savannah and Nassau 
Mail Steamship Line 

Under Contract with the Bahamas Government, and 

carrying the British and United States Mails. 

A First-Class Passenger Steamship will leave 

SAVANNAH FOR NASSAU 

EVERY 10 DAYS, 

Making close connections at SAVANNAH with FIRST-CLASS 
STEAMERS, to and from NEW YORK, or by Rail to all parts of 
the country, thus giving the option of a short sea voyage to or 
from SAVANNAH, or a longer voyage to or from NEW YORK : 
also affording 

FLORID! AND SOUTHERN TOURISTS 

every facility for including NASSAU in their trip without being 

forced to take passage from a Northern port. 

TO INVALIDS 

Seeking a STILL MILDER CLIMATE THAN FLORIDA can 

afford, NASSAU is strongly recommended, as the temperature 

Never Falls Below 64° Fahrenheit, nor Rises 

Above 82*". 

TOURISTS AN» PLEASURE SEEKERS will 

find the varied scenery of New Providence and the surrounding 

islands are a source of constant enjoyment. 

THE ROYAL VICTORIA HOTEL, 

Is beautifully situated and well kept. It is favorably known the 
world over by tourists and travelers. 

EXCURSION TICKETS at reduced rates: issued from promi- 
nent points in the United States and Canadas, by Steamer from 
New York to Savannah, and thence to Nassau, and return; also 
including points in Florida. And from all points in Florida, via 
Savannah, to Nassau, and return to any point oesired. 

N. B.— The Steamers always go to the Wharf at Nassau. 

For further information, Rates, Passage, Schedule of depart- 
ures, etc., apply to the Agents, 

MURRAY, FERRIS & CO., 

6» SOUTH STREET, New York. 
GUSTAVE LEVE, HUNTER «fc 6AMMEL1, 
Gen. Pass. Agent. Savannah, Ga. 

40 Washington St., Boston; 202 St. James St., Montresl; and 
Opposite St. Louis Hotel, Quebec. 



WHITNEY S FLORIDA PATHFINDER. 



FLORIDA LINE 

FOR FERNANDINA, FLORIDA, 

PORT ROYAL, S. C. 

Only Through. Line to Florida 
Without Change. 

One of the following Steamers: 

Montgomery, Huntsrille, 

(apt. F. M. FAIRCLOTH. Capt. F. CHESTER. 

Will leave Pier 3 North River, every Thursday 
at 3 P. M. 

Through rates and passenger tickets given to all points 

South and Southwest, via Port Royal R. R. 

and to all points in Florida via A. G. 



l poini 
W. I. 



& W. I. T. Co. R. R. 

RATES LOWER THAN BY ANY 
OTHER LINE. 

INSURANCE l-« PER CENT. 

Steamers leave Fernandina every 

Wednesday, and Port Royal 

every Thursday, for New 

York. 

HERM, GELPCKE, 5 William Street, X. X. 
CHATER «fc KIXO, Aar'ts. Fernandina. 

RICHARD P. RXJNDEE, Agrt. Port Royal. 




INDEX. 



Florida. 3 

The Climate. 4 

Map of Florida 5 

Fruit, Production, etc 6 

Visitors to Florida 6 

Jacksonville 7 

Fernandina. . 7 

St. John's River 8 

Distances on St. John's River. 9 

,i 'J lie O clawaha River. 10 

The Principal Springs 10 

Map of St. John*s River. 11 

,i Map, Upper St. John's River . 12 

[I Mandarin 13 

Hibernia 13 

Magnolia 13 

Green Gove Spring 13 

Picolata 13 

Toeoi ...13 

Palatka. 14 

San Mateo 14 

Welaka 14 

Sanford 14 

Mellonville 15 

Enterprise 15 

New Smyrna 15 

St. Augustine 15 

Map of St. Augustine 16 

ST. AUGUSTINE. 

Streets i8 

Barracks 18 

Sea Wall 19 

Catholic Cathedral 19 

Map of Streets 20 

Reference to Map 21 

Fort .Harion 21 

Indians at Fort Marion 24 

City Gate 25 

Town Wall 25 

Yachting, Points to Visit. . .26 

Ravenswood 26 

Convents 27 

Plaza 27 

Governor's Palace 28 

Cemeteries 28 

Palmetto Hats, Lace, etc.. 29 
Post Office, Express, etc.. . .29 

I , Thermometer Range 29 

l ( , Orange Groves, Gardens... 30 
)i Hotels, Boarding Ho ises. . .30 
(' Hotels on St. John's River. . .31 

Charleston, S. C 32 

1( Savannah, Ga 32 



Hotels on the Routes. .33, 34, 35 

Schedules 35 to 53 

Maps of Routes 35 to 53 

St. Augustine Hotel 54 

Magnolia Hotel 65 

Marion House f 6 

Oriental Hotel 57 

Mrs. Abbott, boarding 57 

Mrs. J. V. Hernandez 57 

E. J. de Medicis 58 

T. A. Pacetti, drugs, etc 58 

F. W. Ansley, curiosities 58 

Ballard's Curiosity Store 58 

Photographs by Fla.Club 59 

Mrs. Mar / S. Hernandez £9 

G.K.Mitchell £9 

C. H. Bohn, Ag't ."■ team's 59 

T. D. Stott, barber 60 

St. John's Railway €0 

T. R. Webb, boarding CO 

Sanford House 61 

Furchgott, Benedict* r o 62 

LI. Hite 12 [( 

Sugar Plantation for sale — (2 

Clarendon Hotel 62 11 

Screven House 63 ) 

Charleston Hotel 64 

St. James Hotel 64 

Moller's Cod Liver Oil 1 

Francis <fc Loutrel 65 

Hiram Sammis. tailor 65 

Bogle & Lyles, groceries 66 

P ingle & Blackman C6 

GrohtA McLaren 66 

Warren Ray 66 

E. & H. T. Anthony & Co 67 

H. Waldstein, optician 67 

Thomas Bate Mills 67 

Camp Life in Fl orida 67 

Baltimore & Ohio R. R 68 

Baltimore & Ohio R. R 69 

Atlantic Coast Line 70 

Piedmont Air Line Title p. 

Virginia Midland Route 71 

Kennesaw Route 72 

Magnolia Pass. Route 73 

Old Dommion S. S. Co 74 

N. Y. «fc Charleston St'rs 75 

St'rs Dictator, City Point 76 

N. Y. & Savannah St'rs 77 

Nassau, N. P., Steamers 78 

Florida Line Steamers 79 

Florida Pathfinder cover. 




"Will be issued, for the Season of 1876-7, on or 
about the 1st of December. 20,000 copies. 

To enterprising Railroad and Steamship Managers, 
Hotel Proprietors, etc., interested in Florida travel, 
we offer the following Advertising Rates, (no devia- 
tion) lor next season's issue. 

One Page $30. 

One-half Page '. 20. 

One-quarter Page 10. 

Payable on presentation of Guide containing the ad- 
vertisement. All advertisements will appear in the 
entire edition of the regular issue. 

NOTICE. — To Railroad and Steamship Managers, 
and Agents directly interested in Florida travel. 
Please favor me with information concerning Sched- 
ules, Rates, and other facts, prior to November 15th. 

From Hotel Proprietors located on the routes of 
Florida travel, we should be pleased to receive full 
information for presentation to tourists — send busi- 
ness card with rates marked thereon. 

And from Managers of Steamers on the St. John's 
and Oclawaha Rivers, Florida, we request full infor- 
m ition concerning Routes, Rates of fare and Schedule 
of time. Please forward prior to 15th November, 1876. 

We desire, also, to hear from Proprietors of Hotels 
on the St. John's River and other localities in Florida, 
concerning new Hotels, change of Proprietorship, 
Rates of Board, etc. 

We shall endeavor to gather, and publish all such 
information as may be of value to the Tourist, Trav- 
eler and Invalid. 

JOHN PRESCOTT WHITNEY. 

P. O. Box i»i3, If. T. 







































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